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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Systematic Palaeontology >A juvenile specimen of Anteosaurus magnificus Watson, 1921 (Therapsida: Dinocephalia) from the South African Karoo, and its implications for understanding dinocephalian ontogeny
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A juvenile specimen of Anteosaurus magnificus Watson, 1921 (Therapsida: Dinocephalia) from the South African Karoo, and its implications for understanding dinocephalian ontogeny

机译：来自南非卡鲁的1921年华氏羚羊幼体标本（Therapsida：Dinocephalia），及其对理解恐龙头畸形的意义

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摘要

Anteosaurid dinocephalians were the apex terrestrial predators of the latter part of the Guadalupian (middle Permian) and became extinct at the end of that epoch. The group was relatively diverse in Russia, but represented by only two genera, Australosyodon and Anteosaurus, in the Karoo rocks of South Africa. A newly discovered skull of Anteosaurus magnificus from the Abrahamskraal Formation is unique among specimens of this taxon in having most of the individual cranial bones disarticulated, permitting accurate delimitation of cranial sutures for the first time. The relatively large orbits and unfused nature of the cranial sutures suggest juvenile status for the specimen. A computer-aided 3D reconstruction of the skull, and comparison with 11 additional individuals, enabled an allometric study of cranial growth in the species. Positive allometry for four of the measurements suggests rapid growth in the temporal region, and a significant difference in the development of the postorbital bar and suborbital bar between juveniles and adults. Pachyostosis was an important process in the cranial ontogeny of Anteosaurus, significantly modifying the skull roof of adults. This condition is more obvious in large individuals of the species, but it is recognized that variation may also be independent of growth and could be related to sexual dimorphism. Growth of the skull in Anteosaurus shows similar morphological trends to that of the Russian Titanophoneus and the Chinese Sinophoneus. The overall morphology of the juvenile Anteosaurus is clearly reminiscent of the adult skull of the Russian medium-sized Syodon, a condition that is more likely a result of similar skull sizes and the lack of strong pachyostosis in adult Syodon.
机译：甲龙食肉动物是瓜达卢普期（中二叠纪）后期的陆生食肉动物，并在那个时代结束时灭绝。该组在俄罗斯相对多样化，但在南非的Karoo岩石中只有两个属Australosyodon和Anteosaurus代表。新发现的来自亚伯拉罕斯克拉尔组的大型羚羊头骨在该分类群的标本中是独特的，因为它使大部分颅骨分开了关节，从而首次实现了颅骨缝线的精确划界。颅骨缝线相对较大的轨道和未融合的性质表明该标本处于青少年状态。借助计算机对头骨进行3D重建，并与11个其他个体进行比较，可以对物种中的颅骨生长进行异速测量研究。四个测量值的正异位测量表明颞区快速增长，并且在青少年和成年人之间，眶后筋和眶下筋的发育存在显着差异。 Pachyostosis是变形龙的颅骨发育中的重要过程，显着改变了成年人的头骨顶。这种情况在该物种的大型个体中更为明显，但是人们认识到变异也可能与生长无关，并且可能与性二态性有关。甲龙的头骨生长显示出与俄罗斯泰坦尼克号和中国华音的相似的形态学趋势。幼年的甲龙的整体形态显然使人联想到俄罗斯中型Syodon的成年头骨，这种情况很可能是由于相似的头骨大小和成年Syodon缺乏强性囊肿的结果。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Systematic Palaeontology》 |2018年第5期|139-158|共20页
  • 作者

    Ashley Kruger; Bruce S. Rubidge; Fernando Abdala;

  • 作者单位

    Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, WITS 2050, South Africa;

    Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, WITS 2050, South Africa;

    Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, WITS 2050, South Africa;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Therapsida; Dinocephalia; Anteosauria; Anteosaurus; Karoo; Permian;

    机译：Therapsida;头畸形;甲尿;甲龙卡鲁二叠纪;

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