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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Systematic Palaeontology >The Intrarelationships And Evolutionary History Of The Temnospondyl Family Branchiosauridae
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The Intrarelationships And Evolutionary History Of The Temnospondyl Family Branchiosauridae

机译：天南桃金娘科分支龙科的内部关系和进化史

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The larval or paedomorphic branchiosaurid temnospondyls, inhabitants of many Permo-Carboniferous freshwater lakes across Europe, have never been analysed cladistically. In the present work, we have analysed the relationships between all the well-defined species of the clade, with the following results: (1) despite homoplasies shared with amphibamids, the family Branchiosauridae forms a well-supported monophylum; (2) if Micropholis is considered to be an amphibamid, then Branchiosauridae have arisen within the Amphibamidae and could be considered to be a clade of paedomorphic amphibamids; (3) the closest relatives of branchiosaurids are the amphibamids Amphibamus and Platyrhinops; (4) the stratigraphically oldest genus Branchiosaurus, here represented by its only well-known species B. salamandroides, forms the most basal offshoot of the Branchiosauridae; (5) the remainder of the branchiosaurids fall into two clades referred to as the Melanerpeton-clade and Apafeon-clade, respectively; (6) the Melanerpeton-dade is morphologically more diverse than the Apateon-dade; (7) within the Melanerpeton-dade, Schoenfelderpeton and Leptorophus are sister groups; (8) within Apateon, A. kontheri forms the basal-most taxon, followed by A. gracilis, A. pedestris, A. dracyiensis and the sister-taxa A. caducus and A. flagrifer.rnAn evolutionary scenario suggests that branchiosaurids originated by invention of a key innovation: specialized pharyngeal denticles, housed in gill clefts, served as a filter-feeding device focussing on plankton. The group diversified in part, by patterns of delayed development of the upper jaw and cheek resulting in a kinetic maxilla, thereby permitting manipulation of the oral margin during suction feeding. It can be shown that within the Apateon-clade, the second component evolved along different lines into rather different adaptational directions, producing a range of morphotypes controlled by minor heterochronic changes.
机译：幼虫或古人状的分支龙类动物，在欧洲许多Permo-Carboniferous淡水湖中都是居民，从未进行过彻底的分析。在目前的工作中，我们分析了所有进化枝中明确定义的物种之间的关系，得出以下结果：（1）尽管与两性虫共享同质性，但分支Branch科却形成了一个支撑良好的单叶植物； （2）如果Micropholis被认为是两性类两性动物，那么Branchiosauridae会在两性类动物中出现，并可能被认为是古类两性类动物的进化枝； （3）分支龙的近亲是两栖类两栖动物和侧柏。 （4）地层上最古老的分支龙科，这里以其唯一的著名物种B. salamandroides代表，是分支龙科的最基础分支； （5）其余的龙骨科分为两个分支，分别称为Melanerpeton分支和Apafeon分支； （6）Melanerpeton-dade在形态上比Apateon-dade更多样化； （7）在Melanerpeton-dade中，Schoenfelderpeton和Leptorophus是姐妹群体； （8）在Apateon中，kontheri构成最基部的分类单元，其次是gracilis，A。pedestris，A。dracyiensis和姊妹分类单元A. caducus和A. flagrifer.rn。一项关键创新的发明：装在g裂中的专用咽部细齿，是一种以浮游生物为重点的滤食器。该组的一部分由于上颌和颊部发育迟缓的模式而多样化，从而导致了动力学上颌骨，从而允许在吸吮喂养期间操作口腔边缘。可以看出，在Apateon进化枝内，第二种成分沿着不同的线向着完全不同的适应方向演化，产生了一系列由微小的异时变化控制的形态型。

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