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IPR infringement in the United States: impacts on the input and output of R&D

机译:美国侵犯知识产权:对研发投入和产出的影响

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This paper examines the impact of intellectual property rights (IPR) infringement on the input (R&D spending) and output (patents) of the research process. The extant literature proxies IPR enforcement via composite indices or indicators of institutional quality, whereas this paper employs a direct (hard) measure of IPR crimes. Using data across U.S. states, results show that IPR crimes reduce research spending but do not impact patenting. Upon comparison with a broader measure of weak institutional quality (corruption), we find that greater corruption has a robust negative effect on patenting, but not on R&D spending. Quantitatively, the elasticities of R&D spending with respect to IPR crimes are greater than those of patents with respect to corruption, suggesting that studies that proxy IPR crimes via other measures are likely underestimating their impacts on technological change.
机译:本文研究了知识产权(IPR)侵权对研究过程的投入(研发支出)和产出(专利)的影响。现有文献通过综合指标或机构质量指标来代理知识产权执法,而本文采用了直接(严格)衡量知识产权犯罪的方法。使用美国各州的数据,结果表明,知识产权犯罪减少了研究支出,但不影响专利申请。通过与较弱的机构质量(腐败)的更广泛衡量标准进行比较,我们发现更大的腐败对专利权有强大的负面影响,但对研发支出却没有。从数量上看,与知识产权犯罪有关的研发支出的弹性要大于与腐败有关的专利支出的弹性,这表明通过其他措施替代知识产权犯罪的研究可能低估了它们对技术变革的影响。

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