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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of technology transfer >Exploring the motives and practices of university-start- up interaction: evidence from Route 128
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Exploring the motives and practices of university-start- up interaction: evidence from Route 128

机译：探索大学与创业互动的动机和实践：128号公路的证据

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This paper explores the concept of university–start-up interaction (USUI) as a source of knowledge spillover and innovation. In doing so, we bring together literature on three broad mechanisms that enable knowledge utilization : education, new venture support, and university–industry interaction (UII), as we argue that USUI is a process in which all three are relevant. We first identify USUI practices and how universities and start-ups use these practices to achieve their objectives. Second, we study when the USUI process is mutually beneficial to both actor types in terms of resources. We develop a theoretical framework based on the objectives of the two actor types, the resource-based view, and three generic utilization mechanisms: education, creating new venture support, and UII. Empirically, 36 qualitative interviews were conducted with clean-tech start-ups, universities, and other experts, such as accelerators and incubator facilities in the Boston area, Massachusetts, USA, also known as “Route 128”. After analyzing the resources exchanged during through 14 practices, we find that USUI is largely based on intangible resources. Second, the resources that universities transfer to start-ups mostly relate to organization and product development, but little to market development. Third, universities can strengthen their (entrepreneurship) education programs and knowledge utilization objectives through USUI, but there is little added value to fundamental research carried out by universities. Overall, we conclude that whether USUI is beneficial largely depends how organizations value their different objectives. Science-based start-ups are more likely to benefit from USUI, whereas start-ups close to market might be better off with other support programs. Universities with a strong focus on fundamental research benefit less from USUI than universities that are more diverse, applied, or have a strong focus on teaching and knowledge utilization. As such, our findings provide insight into the motives of USUI, which enables policy makers and universities to promote knowledge utilization through USUI.
机译：本文探讨了大学-创业互动（USUI）作为知识溢出和创新来源的概念。在这样做的过程中，由于我们认为USUI是这三个过程都相关的过程，因此我们将有关三种广泛机制的文献汇集在一起​​，这些机制可以实现知识利用：教育，新风险支持以及大学与产业之间的互动（UII）。我们首先确定USUI做法，以及大学和初创企业如何使用这些做法来实现其目标。其次，我们研究USUI流程何时在资源方面对两种参与者类型都互惠互利。我们基于两种参与者类型的目标，基于资源的视图和三种通用利用机制，开发了一个理论框架：教育，创建新的风险支持和UII。根据经验，对清洁技术初创企业，大学和其他专家（如美国马萨诸塞州波士顿地区的加速器和孵化器设施）进行了36次定性访谈，也称为“ 128号公路”。在分析了14种实践过程中交换的资源之后，我们发现USUI主要基于无形资源。其次，大学转移给初创企业的资源主要与组织和产品开发有关，而与市场开发无关。第三，大学可以通过USUI加强其（创业）教育计划和知识利用目标，但是大学进行的基础研究几乎没有附加值。总体而言，我们得出的结论是，USUI是否有益很大程度上取决于组织如何重视其不同目标。基于科学的初创企业更可能从USUI中受益，而接近市场的初创企业可能会受到其他支持计划的帮助。注重基础研究的大学从USUI中获得的利益要比多样化，应用性强或注重教学和知识利用的大学少。因此，我们的发现提供了对USUI动机的洞察力，从而使决策者和大学可以通过USUI促进知识利用。

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