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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of technology transfer >Early and late adopters of ISO 14001-type standards: revisiting the role of firm characteristics and capabilities
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Early and late adopters of ISO 14001-type standards: revisiting the role of firm characteristics and capabilities

机译：早期和晚期采用ISO 14001标准的人：重新探讨公司特征和功能的作用

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摘要

Environmental management standards (EMS) are important voluntary management tools that aim at reducing the environmental impact of firms' activities. From ethical motivations through increasingly high pressure from regulatory authorities to expected financial returns, reasons to adopt an EMS are manifold. While they all certainly matter, it is still unclear from the literature which firm-specific organisational capabilities and structural characteristics significantly drive adoption. Using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) on two samples of French firms, we identify firm-specific factors associated with the early or late adoption of ISO 14001-type EMS and we test whether adoption increases labour productivity. We find that adopters are moderately large manufacturing firms that rely on ISO 9001 standards or Total Quality Management. In addition, according to the first sample, early adopters tend to be more technologically complex firms that are active in the European market. These differences are attenuated in the second sample, which may be biased towards more innovative firms. Both samples however concur with the conclusion that, whether early or late, adoption is associated with a higher labour productivity compared to non-adoption. This result still holds when we use fully interacted linear models instead of PSM, and seems to be consistent over time. Thus, implementing EMS might provide win-win opportunities to adopters, without giving any premium to early birds.
机译：环境管理标准（EMS）是重要的自愿管理工具，旨在减少公司活动对环境的影响。从道德动机到监管机构不断增加的高压力到预期的财务回报，采用EMS的原因多种多样。尽管它们都固然重要，但从文献中仍不清楚哪些公司特定的组织能力和结构特征会极大地推动采用。在两个法国公司的样本上使用倾向得分匹配（PSM），我们确定了与ISO 14001型EMS的早期或晚期采用相关的特定于公司的因素，并测试了采用是否会提高劳动生产率。我们发现采用者是依赖ISO 9001标准或全面质量管理的中等规模的制造公司。此外，根据第一个样本，早期采用者往往是技术更复杂的公司，活跃于欧洲市场。这些差异在第二个样本中有所减弱，这可能会偏向更具创新性的公司。但是，这两个样本都得出这样的结论，即无论是早期还是晚期，采用与不采用相比都具有更高的劳动生产率。当我们使用完全交互的线性模型而不是PSM时，此结果仍然成立，并且随着时间的推移似乎保持一致。因此，实施EMS可能会为采用者提供双赢的机会，而不会给早鸟带来任何好处。

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