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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology >Doctors' Online Information Needs, Cognitive Search Strategies, and Judgments of Information Quality and Cognitive Authority: How Predictive Judgments Introduce Bias Into Cognitive Search Models
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Doctors' Online Information Needs, Cognitive Search Strategies, and Judgments of Information Quality and Cognitive Authority: How Predictive Judgments Introduce Bias Into Cognitive Search Models

机译：医生的在线信息需求，认知搜索策略以及信息质量和认知权威的判断：预测性判断如何将偏见引入认知搜索模型

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摘要

Literature examining information judgments and Internet search behaviors notes a number of major research gaps, including how users actually make these judgments outside of experiments or researcher-defined tasks, and how search behavior is impacted by a user's judgment of online information. Using the medical setting, where doctors face real consequences in applying the information found, we examine how information judgments employed by doctors to mitigate risk impact their cognitive search. Diaries encompassing 444 real clinical information search incidents, combined with semistructured interviews across 35 doctors, were analyzed via thematic analysis. Results show that doctors, though aware of the need for information quality and cognitive authority, rarely make evaluative judgments. This is explained by navigational bias in information searches and via predictive judgments that favor known sites where doctors perceive levels of information quality and cognitive authority. Doctors' mental models of the Internet sites and Web experience relevant to the task type enable these predictive judgments. These results suggest a model connecting online cognitive search and information judgment literatures. Moreover, this implies a need to understand cognitive search through longitudinal-or learning-based views for repeated search tasks, and rnadaptations to medical practitioner training and tools for online search.
机译：审查信息判断和Internet搜索行为的文献指出了许多主要的研究空白，包括用户如何在实验或研究人员定义的任务之外实际做出这些判断，以及搜索行为如何受到用户对在线信息的判断的影响。在医疗环境中，医生在应用所发现的信息时会面临实际后果，我们研究了医生为减轻风险而采取的信息判断如何影响他们的认知搜索。通过主题分析，对涵盖444种实际临床信息搜索事件的日记，以及对35位医生的半结构化访谈进行了分析。结果表明，尽管医生意识到对信息质量和认知权威的需求，但很少做出评估性判断。这可以通过信息搜索中的导航偏见和有利于已知站点的预测性判断来解释，在这些站点中医生会感知信息质量和认知权威的水平。与任务类型相关的Internet站点医生的心理模型和Web经验使这些预测性判断成为可能。这些结果提出了一种将在线认知搜索和信息判断文献联系起来的模型。而且，这意味着需要通过基于纵向或基于学习的视图来理解认知搜索以进行重复的搜索任务，并且需要适应医生培训和在线搜索的工具。

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