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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >CHARACTERIZATION OF RIVER NETWORKS: A GIS APPROACH AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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CHARACTERIZATION OF RIVER NETWORKS: A GIS APPROACH AND ITS APPLICATIONS

机译：河网的特征化：一种GIS方法及其应用

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摘要

Fluvial geomorphology provides the basis for characterizing complex river networks and evaluating biophysical processes within watersheds. Understanding the spatial organization of morphological features, their influencing processes, and resultant geomorphic diversity in stream networks are important for efficient restoration, river health assessment, and improving our knowledge of the resilience of riverine landscapes. River characterization is a means to determine the biophysical character of river networks but many methods are fraught with pitfalls, such as the use of incorrect variables and limited acknowledgment of the hierarchical organization of rivers. In this paper, a top-down geographic information system-based approach for determining the physical typology of river networks is outlined. A suite of multivariate analyses are used to develop a nomenclature for functional process zones (FPZs) large tracts of the river network with similar hydro-geomorphological character. Applied to the Little Miami River, Ohio, six distinct FPZs emerged, which had a nonuniform distribution along the river network. Some FPZs repeated downstream; others were rare in terms of total length and number of FPZ segments. The physical structure of the Little Miami River network was analyzed using a series of community metrics. Application of this approach for river monitoring, establishing reference conditions, as well as management of threatened and endangered species and asset trading is highlighted.
机译：河流地貌学为表征复杂的河网和评估流域内的生物物理过程提供了基础。了解形态特征的空间组织，它们的影响过程以及河流网络中形成的地貌多样性对于有效恢复，河流健康评估以及增进我们对河流景观复原力的认识至关重要。河流特征化是确定河流网络生物物理特征的一种手段，但是许多方法充满了陷阱，例如使用错误的变量和对河流等级组织的有限认识。本文概述了一种基于自上而下的地理信息系统的河网物理类型确定方法。一套多变量分析用于为具有相似水文-地貌特征的河网大片功能过程区（FPZ）开发术语。在俄亥俄州的小迈阿密河上，出现了六个不同的FPZ，它们沿河网分布不均匀。一些FPZ在下游重复出现；就FPZ段的总长度和数量而言，其他的则很少。使用一系列社区指标分析了小迈阿密河网的物理结构。强调了这种方法在河流监测，建立参考条件以及管理受威胁和濒危物种以及资产交易中的应用。

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