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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >A SPATIALLY EXPLICIT MODEL FOR MAPPING HEADWATER STREAMS
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A SPATIALLY EXPLICIT MODEL FOR MAPPING HEADWATER STREAMS

机译：映射流水的空间显式模型

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摘要

Headwater streams are the primary sources of water in a drainage network and serve as a critical hydrologic link between the surrounding landscape and larger, downstream surface waters. Many states, including North Carolina, regulate activity in and near headwater streams for the protection of water quality and aquatic resources. A fundamental tool for regulatory management is an accurate representation of streams on a map. Limited resources preclude field mapping every headwater stream and its origin across a large region. It is more practical to develop a model for headwater streams based on a sample of field data that can then be extrapolated to a larger area of interest. The North Carolina Division of Water Quality has developed a cost-effective method for modeling and mapping the location, length, and flow classification (intermittent and perennial) of headwater streams. We used a multiple logistic regression approach that combined field data and terrain derivatives for watersheds located in the Triassic Basins ecoregion. Field data were collected using a standard methodology for identifying headwater streams and origins. Terrain derivatives were generated from digital elevation models interpolated from bare-earth Light Detection and Range data. Model accuracies greater than 80% were achieved in classifying stream presence and absence, stream length and perennial stream length, but were not as consistent in predicting intermittent stream length.
机译：上游水源是排水网络中的主要水源，是周围景观与较大的下游地表水之间的重要水文联系。包括北卡罗来纳州在内的许多州都在调节源头河水及其附近的活动，以保护水质和水生资源。监管管理的基本工具是在地图上准确表示流。由于资源有限，无法在大范围内对每条源头河水及其源头进行野外绘制。根据现场数据样本开发源头水流模型，将其外推到更大的关注区域，这一点更为实用。北卡罗莱纳州水质局开发了一种经济高效的方法，用于对源头水流的位置，长度和流量分类（间歇性和多年生）进行建模和绘图。我们使用了多逻辑回归方法，将三叠纪盆地生态区中的流域结合了现场数据和地形导数。使用用于识别源头水流和来源的标准方法收集现场数据。地形导数是根据从地球光检测和距离数据插入的数字高程模型生成的。在对溪流的存在与否，溪流长度和多年生溪流长度进行分类时，获得了大于80％的模型精度，但在预测间歇溪流长度方面并不一致。

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