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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >An Analysis of the Effects of Land Use and Land Cover on Flood Losses along the Gulf of Mexico Coast from 1999 to 2009
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An Analysis of the Effects of Land Use and Land Cover on Flood Losses along the Gulf of Mexico Coast from 1999 to 2009

机译：1999年至2009年墨西哥湾沿岸土地利用和土地覆盖对洪灾损失的影响分析

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摘要

Major coastal flooding events over the last decade have led decision makers in the United States to favor structural engineering solutions as a means to protect vulnerable coastal communities from the adverse impacts of future storms. While a resistance-based approach to flood mitigation involving large-scale construction works may be a central component of a regional flood risk reduction strategy, it is equally important to consider the role of land use and land cover (LULC) patterns in protecting communities from floods. To date, little observational research has been conducted to quantify the effects of various LULC configurations on the amount of property damage occurring across coastal regions over time. In response, we statistically examine the impacts of LULC on observed flood damage across 2,692 watersheds bordering the Gulf of Mexico. Specifically, we analyze statistical linear regression models to isolate the influence of multiple LULC categories on over 372,000 insured flood losses claimed under the National Flood Insurance Program per year from 2001 to 2008. Results indicate that percent increase in palustrine wetlands is the equivalent to, on average, a $13,975 reduction in insured flood losses per year, per watershed. These and other results provide important insights to policy makers on how protecting specific types of LULC can help reduce adverse impacts to local communities.
机译：过去十年中发生的重大沿海洪灾事件使美国的决策者偏向于采用结构工程解决方案，以保护脆弱的沿海社区免受未来风暴的不利影响。虽然基于阻力的减灾方法可能涉及大型建筑工程，这可能是区域减少洪灾风险战略的重要组成部分，但同样重要的是，要考虑土地利用和土地覆被模式在保护社区免受灾害影响方面的作用洪水。迄今为止，很少进行观察性研究来量化各种LULC配置对沿海地区随时间推移发生的财产损失的影响。作为回应，我们从统计学角度研究了LULC对与墨西哥湾接壤的2692个集水区所观测到的洪水破坏的影响。具体而言，我们分析了统计线性回归模型，以隔离多个LULC类别对2001年至2008年每年根据《国家洪水保险计划》提出的37.2万保险洪水损失的影响。结果表明，巴勒斯坦湿地的增加百分比等于平均而言，每个流域每年可减少的保险洪水损失为$ 13,975。这些结果和其他结果为政策制定者提供了重要的见解，帮助他们了解如何保护特定类型的土地利用，土地利用变化和建筑有助于减少对当地社区的不利影响。

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