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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >RIPARIAN GRAZING IMPACTS ON STREAMBANK EROSION AND PHOSPHORUS LOSS VTA SURFACE RUNOFF
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RIPARIAN GRAZING IMPACTS ON STREAMBANK EROSION AND PHOSPHORUS LOSS VTA SURFACE RUNOFF

机译：RIPARIAN掠食对河流侵蚀和磷流失VTA表面径流的影响

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摘要

Surface runoff is one of the major pathways of sediment and phosphorus (P) transport to surface waters. Rainfall simulations were conducted on nine grazed pasture sites with different stocking rates in three different Iowa (United States) regions. The purpose of the simulations was to determine the impacts of cattle grazing on the amounts of sediment and P in surface runoff within a 15-m wide strip on both sides of the stream from different source areas (SAs). These riparian SAs included stream-side loafing areas, cattle streambank access paths to the stream, and the other vegetated areas adjacent to the streambanks. The runoff samples collected during the simulations were analyzed for suspended sediment (SS) and total phosphorus (TP). Soil bulk density and antecedent soil moisture samples were collected around the rainfall simulation plots to identify differences in compaction, infiltration, and surface runoff among the SAs. SS and TP losses from access paths and loafing areas within the 15-m wide strips accounted for up to 72 and 55% of the total losses, respectively, even though they accounted for only 2.7% of the total area within the 15-m wide strips. This suggests that access paths and loafing areas require special attention to mitigate the impacts of cattle on stream water pollution. Significant correlations were found between stocking rates and both SS and TP losses suggesting that low stocking rates can reduce sediment and P export to streams from the SAs.
机译：地表径流是沉积物和磷（P）输送到地表水的主要途径之一。在三个不同的爱荷华州（美国）地区，在九个放牧率不同的放牧牧场上进行了降雨模拟。模拟的目的是确定不同来源区域（SAs）两侧的15 m宽条带中，放牧对放牧对地表径流中沉积物和P量的影响。这些河岸保护区包括溪流旁的游荡区，牛溪到溪流的通道以及与溪岸相邻的其他植被区。在模拟过程中收集的径流样品分析了悬浮泥沙（SS）和总磷（TP）。在降雨模拟区周围收集土壤容重和前期土壤水分样品，以识别SA之间压实，入渗和地表径流的差异。在15米宽的条带中，进出路径和游荡区的SS和TP损失分别占总损失的72％和55％，尽管它们仅占15米宽的条带中总面积的2.7％带子。这表明出入通道和游牧区需要特别注意，以减轻牛对溪流水污染的影响。发现放养率与SS和TP损失之间存在显着的相关性，这表明低放养率可以减少沉积物和磷从SA排放到河流。

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