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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >FLOOD PROTECTION: HIGHLIGHTING AN INVESTMENT TRAP BETWEEN BUILT AND NATURAL CAPITAL
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FLOOD PROTECTION: HIGHLIGHTING AN INVESTMENT TRAP BETWEEN BUILT AND NATURAL CAPITAL

机译：防洪：突出建筑与自然资本之间的投资陷阱

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摘要

We present a simulation model developed to communicate a potential investment trap associated with using man-made river engineering to protect built infrastructure. A small system dynamics model in STELLA™ was constructed following a collaborative model-building process to increase understanding among stakeholders of the role natural capital plays in wealth creation. We set out to explore the dynamic relationship between investing tax revenue in natural capital (specifically forested headwaters and low land wetlands) rather than built capital (specifically stopbanks) for flood protection in the Manawatu watershed, New Zealand. Significant investment is currently required to maintain and enhance river engineering infrastructure and keep pace with changes in the river's geomorphology. Viewed from a systems perspective, we suggest diversion of a proportion of existing funding into restoration of forested headwaters on steep slopes and restoration of functioning wetlands on floodplains could in the longer term provide an effective approach to flood protection. Co-benefits of increased natural capital include the ecosystem services nutrient cycling, sediment capture, water purification, biodiversity, pollination, and cultural and recreational values. Overcoming an investment trap requires a longer term perspective. This simple model consisting of two feedback loops and two delays aims to contribute to an ongoing stakeholder dialogue concerning the Manawatu River watershed in New Zealand.
机译：我们提供了一个仿真模型，用于传达与使用人工河道工程来保护已建基础设施有关的潜在投资陷阱。在协作模型构建过程之后，构建了STELLA™中的小型系统动力学模型，以提高利益相关者之间对自然资本在财富创造中所扮演角色的理解。我们着手探讨在新西兰马纳瓦图（Manawatu）集水区投资税收到自然资本（特别是森林上游水源和低地湿地）而不是建筑资本（特别是堤岸）之间的动态关系。当前需要大量投资来维护和增强河流工程基础设施，并与河流地貌变化保持同步。从系统的角度看，我们建议将现有资金的一部分转用于恢复陡坡上的森林水源和恢复洪泛区上的功能性湿地，从长远来看可以提供有效的防洪方法。增加自然资本的共同利益包括生态系统服务养分循环，沉积物捕获，水净化，生物多样性，授粉以及文化和娱乐价值。克服投资陷阱需要更长远的眼光。这个简单的模型由两个反馈回路和两个延迟组成，旨在促进有关新西兰Manawatu河流域的利益相关者正在进行的对话。

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