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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >WATER SUPPLY AND STORMWATER MANAGEMENT BENEFITS OF RESIDENTIAL RAINWATER HARVESTING IN U.S. CITIES
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WATER SUPPLY AND STORMWATER MANAGEMENT BENEFITS OF RESIDENTIAL RAINWATER HARVESTING IN U.S. CITIES

机译：美国城市住宅雨水收集的供水和贮水管理效益

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摘要

This article presents an analysis of the projected performance of urban residential rainwater harvesting systems in the United States (U.S.). The objectives are to quantify for 23 cities in seven climatic regions (1) water supply provided from rainwater harvested at a residential parcel and (2) stormwater runoff reduction from a residential drainage catchment. Water-saving efficiency is determined using a water-balance approach applied at a daily time step for a range of rainwater cistern sizes. The results show that performance is a function of cistern size and climatic pattern. A single rain barrel (190 1 [50 gal]) installed at a residential parcel is able to provide approximately 50% water-saving efficiency for the nonpotable indoor water demand scenario in cities of the East Coast, Southeast, Midwest, and Pacific Northwest, but <30% water-saving efficiency in cities of the Mountain West, Southwest, and most of California. Stormwater management benefits are quantified using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model. The results indicate that rainwater harvesting can reduce stormwater runoff volume up to 20% in semiarid regions, and less in regions receiving greater rainfall amounts for a long-term simulation. Overall, the results suggest that U.S. cities and individual residents can benefit from implementing rainwater harvesting as a stormwater control measure and as an alternative source of water.
机译：本文介绍了对美国（美国）城市住宅雨水收集系统的预期性能的分析。目标是对七个气候区域中的23个城市进行量化（1）从居民区收集的雨水提供的供水，以及（2）居民排水集水区减少的雨水径流。节水效率是通过在每天的时间步长上针对一系列雨水水箱尺寸采用的水平衡方法确定的。结果表明，性能是水箱大小和气候模式的函数。在东海岸，东南部，中西部和西北太平洋的城市，安装在住宅区的单个雨桶（190 1 [50加仑]）能够为非饮用水室内需水场景提供约50％的节水效率，但在西部山区，西南部和加利福尼亚大部分地区的城市，节水效率不到30％。使用美国环境保护署的雨水管理模型来量化雨水管理的收益。结果表明，雨水收集可以在半干旱地区将雨水径流量减少多达20％，而对于长期模拟而言，在降雨量较大的地区，雨水径流量减少。总体而言，结果表明，美国城市和个人居民可以从实施雨水收集作为雨水控制措施和替代水源中受益。

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