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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >OBSERVATIONS AND MODELING OF STREAM PLUNGING IN AN URBAN LAKE
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OBSERVATIONS AND MODELING OF STREAM PLUNGING IN AN URBAN LAKE

机译：城市湖泊水流暴跌的观测与模拟

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摘要

The plunging behavior of two tributaries in Onondaga Lake, New York, is quantified based on a program of monitoring, process studies, and modeling. The dynamics of buoyancy of the tributaries are resolved with hourly measurements of temperature (T), specific conductance (SC), and turbidity (Tn) at the mouths, and observations every 6 h in the lake. Negative buoyancy of the tributaries is found to diminish and change rapidly during runoff events compared to dry periods. In-lake patterns of the transport of plunging inflow are resolved for dry weather conditions using a dye tracer, and following a runoff event through measurements of T, SC, and Tn. The hydrodynamic/transport model ELCOM (Estuary Lake and Coastal Ocean Model) is demonstrated to perform well in simulating these patterns. Analyses conducted with the model establish the importance of diurnal effects and in-lake mixing mediated by wind, the need for temporally detailed measurements during runoff events, and modifications of the plunging behavior of the urban tributary as it passes through a harbor. The model provides critical information to support rehabilitation programs for the lake by quantifying the transport of the two largest tributaries, particularly the distribution of the loads between the upper waters and stratified layers. The model predicts that 10% of the urban tributary load enters the upper waters of the lake within 24 h for a dry weather period; this portion increases to 30% for a runoff event.
机译：根据监测，过程研究和建模程序，对纽约奥农达加湖两个支流的暴跌行为进行了量化。通过每小时测量口中的温度（T），比电导（SC）和浊度（Tn）并每小时在湖中进行观测，可以解决支流浮力的变化。与枯水期相比，在径流过程中，支流的负浮力减小并迅速变化。在干旱天气条件下，使用染料示踪剂可以解决湖水暴跌流入的模式，并通过测量T，SC和Tn跟踪径流事件。流体动力/运输模型ELCOM（河口湖和沿海海洋模型）被证明在模拟这些模式方面表现良好。使用该模型进行的分析确定了由风介导的昼夜效应和湖内混合的重要性，径流事件期间需要进行时间详细测量的必要性，以及对城市支流穿过港口时的下降行为的修改。该模型通过量化两个最大支流的运输量，特别是上层水域和分层层之间的负荷分布，为支持湖泊的恢复计划提供了关键信息。该模型预测，在干旱时期，城市支流负荷的10％在24小时之内进入湖泊的上层水域。对于径流事件，这部分增加到30％。

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