A SIMPLE PROCESS-BASED SNOWMELT ROUTINE TO MODEL SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED SNOW DEPTH AND SNOWMELT IN THE SWAT MODEL

Daniel R. Fuka; Zachary M. Easton; Erin S. Brooks; Jan Boll; Tammo S. Steenhuis; M. Todd Walter

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A SIMPLE PROCESS-BASED SNOWMELT ROUTINE TO MODEL SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED SNOW DEPTH AND SNOWMELT IN THE SWAT MODEL

机译：基于简单过程的打捞例程在SWAT模型中空间分布的打捞深度和打捞模型

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We present a method to integrate a process-based (PB) snowmelt model that requires only daily temperature and elevation information into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The model predicts the spatiotemporal snowpack distribution without adding additional complexity, and in fact reduces the number of calibrated parameters. To demonstrate the utility of the PB model, we calibrate the PB and temperature-index (TI) SWAT models to optimize agreement with stream discharge on a 46-km2 watershed in northwestern Idaho, United States, for 10 individual years and use the calibrated parameters for the year with the best agreement to run the model for 15 remaining years. Stream discharge predictions by the PB and TI model were similar, although the PB model simulated snowmelt more accurately than the TI model for the remaining 15-year period. Spatial snow distributions predicted by the PB model better matched observations from LandSat imagery and a SNOTEL station. Results for this watershed show that including PB snowmelt in watershed models is feasible, and calibration of Tl-based watershed models against discharge can incorrectly predict snow cover.

机译：我们提出了一种方法，该方法将仅需要每日温度和海拔信息的基于过程的（PB）雪融模型集成到土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）模型中。该模型可以预测时空积雪的分布，而不会增加额外的复杂性，并且实际上减少了校准参数的数量。为了演示PB模型的实用性，我们校准了PB模型和温度指数（TI）SWAT模型，以优化与美国西北部爱达荷州46 km2流域的流量排放的协议，使用10年，并使用校准后的参数拥有最佳协议的年度，可以在剩下的15年中运行该模型。尽管在剩余的15年期间，PB模型比TI模型更准确地模拟了融雪，但PB和TI模型的流排放预测相似。 PB模型预测的空间降雪分布与LandSat影像和SNOTEL站的观测值更好地匹配。该分水岭的结果表明，在分水岭模型中包括PB融雪是可行的，并且针对排放的基于T1的分水岭模型的校准可能会错误地预测积雪。

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来源
《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》 |2012年第6期|1151-1161|共11页
作者
Daniel R. Fuka; Zachary M. Easton; Erin S. Brooks; Jan Boll; Tammo S. Steenhuis; M. Todd Walter;
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作者单位

Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley-Robb Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853;

Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech ESAREC, Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, 33446 Research Drive, Painter, Virginia 23420;

Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho;

Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho;

Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley-Robb Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853;

Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley-Robb Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853;

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正文语种 eng
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关键词
snowmelt; snow cover; radiation; energy budget; distributed hydrological model; environmental energy; process-based model; temperature index; SWAT;

机译：融雪雪盖;辐射;能源预算;分布式水文模型环境能源;基于过程的模型;温度指数扑打;

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专利

1. Response to comment by A.G. Slater, M.P. Clark, and A.P. Barrett on 'Estimating the distribution of snow water equivalent using remotely sensed snow cover data and a spatially distributed snowmelt model: A multi-resolution, multi-sensor comparison' [[Adv. Water Resour. 31 (2008) 1503-1514]. Adv Water Resour 2009;32(11):1680-4] [J] . Noah P. Molotch, Steven A. Margulis, Steven M. Jepsen Advances in Water Resources . 2010,第2期

机译：M.P. A.G. Slater对评论的回复Clark和A.P. Barrett谈了“使用遥感积雪数据和空间分布的融雪模型估算雪水当量的分布：多分辨率，多传感器比较” [[Adv。水资源。 31（2008）1503-1514]。 Adv Water Resour 2009; 32（11）：1680-4]
2. Reconstructing Snow Water Equivalent In The Rio Grande Headwaters Using Remotely Sensed Snow Cover Data And A Spatially Distributed Snowmelt Model [J] . Noah P. Molotch Hydrological Processes . 2009,第7期

机译：利用遥感积雪数据和空间分布式融雪模型重建里奥格兰德上游水源中的雪水当量
3. Comment on 'Estimating the distribution of snow water equivalent using remotely sensed snow cover data and a spatially distributed snowmelt model: A multi-resolution, multi-sensor comparison' [J] . A.G. Slater, M.P. Clark, A.P. Barrett Advances in Water Resources . 2009,第11期

机译：关于“使用遥感积雪数据和空间分布的融雪模型估算雪水当量的分布：多分辨率，多传感器比较”
4. Estimating the snow distribution in a subalpine region using a distributed snowmelt model [C] . KENTARO MATSUI, TAKESHI OHTA Symposium on Water Resources Systems - Water Availability and Global Change; Jun 30-Jul 11, 2003; Sapporo, Japan . 2003

机译：使用分布式融雪模型估算亚高山地区的积雪分布
5. Scale effects in determining snowmelt from mountainous basins using a distributed approach for snow water equivalence and radiation, and a point snowmelt model. [D] . Galarraga Sanchez, Remigio Hernan. 1995

机译：在使用山区水当量和辐射的分布式方法以及点融雪模型确定高山流域融雪的尺度效应中。
6. Modeling the isotopic evolution of snowpack and snowmelt: Testing a spatially distributed parsimonious approach [O] . Pertti Ala‐aho, Doerthe Tetzlaff, James P. McNamara, -1

机译：建模积雪和融雪的同位素演化：测试空间分布的简约方法
7. Scale effects in determining snowmelt from mountainous basins using a distributed approach for snow water equivalence and radiation, and a point snowmelt model [O] . Galarraga Sanchez Remigio Hernan 1995

机译：使用雪水当量和辐射的分布式方法以及点融雪模型确定山区盆地融雪的尺度效应

A SIMPLE PROCESS-BASED SNOWMELT ROUTINE TO MODEL SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED SNOW DEPTH AND SNOWMELT IN THE SWAT MODEL

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