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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >PATTERNS OF WATERSHED URBANIZATION AND IMPACTS ON WATER QUALITY
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PATTERNS OF WATERSHED URBANIZATION AND IMPACTS ON WATER QUALITY

机译：流域城市化的格局及其对水质的影响

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摘要

Urban runoff contributes to nonpoint source pollution, but there is little understanding of the way that pattern and extent of urbanization contributes to this problem. Indicators of type and density of urbanization and access to municipal services were examined in six urban watersheds in Durham, North Carolina. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to identify patterns in the distribution of these variables across the urban landscape. While spatial variation in urban environments is not perfectly captured by any one variable, the results suggest that most of the variation can be explained using several variables related to the extent and distribution of urban development. Multiple linear regression models were fit to relate these urbanization indicators to total phosphorus, total kjeldahl nitrogen, total suspended solids, and fecal coliforms. Development density was correlated to decreased water quality in each of the models. Indicators of urbanization type such as the house age, amount of contiguous impervious surface, and stormwater connectivity explained additional variation. In the nutrient models, access to city services was also an important factor. The results indicate that while urbanization density is important in predicting water quality, indicators of urbanization type and access to city services help explain additional variation in the models.
机译：城市径流是造成面源污染的原因，但是人们对城市化的模式和程度对这一问题的贡献却知之甚少。在北卡罗来纳州达勒姆市的六个城市集水区，研究了城市化类型和密度以及获得市政服务的指标。主成分分析（PCA）用于确定这些变量在整个城市景观中的分布方式。尽管城市环境中的空间变化不能通过任何一个变量完美地捕获，但结果表明，大多数变化可以用与城市发展程度和分布有关的几个变量来解释。多个线性回归模型适合将这些城市化指标与总磷，总凯氏氮，总悬浮固体和粪大肠菌群联系起来。在每个模型中，开发密度与水质下降相关。城市化类型的指标（例如房屋年龄，连续的不透水面的数量以及雨水的连通性）解释了其他变化。在营养模型中，获得城市服务也是一个重要因素。结果表明，尽管城市化密度在预测水质方面很重要，但城市化类型和获得城市服务的指标有助于解释模型的其他变化。

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