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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >RIPARIAN COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH PACIFIC NORTHWEST HEADWATER STREAMS: ASSEMBLAGES, PROCESSES, AND UNIQUENESS
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RIPARIAN COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH PACIFIC NORTHWEST HEADWATER STREAMS: ASSEMBLAGES, PROCESSES, AND UNIQUENESS

机译：与太平洋西北流域相关的RIPARIAN社区：组件，过程和唯一性

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摘要

Riparian areas of large streams provide important habitat to many species and control many instream processes - but is the same true for the margins of small streams? This review considers riparian areas alongside small streams in forested, mountainous areas of the Pacific Northwest and asks if there are fundamental ecological differences from larger streams and from other regions and if there are consequences for management from any differences. In the moist forests along many small streams of the Pacific Northwest, the contrast between the streamside and upslope forest is not as strong as that found in drier regions. Small streams typically lack floodplains, and the riparian area is often constrained by the hillslope. Nevertheless, riparian-associated organisms, some unique to headwater areas, are found along small streams. Disturbance of hillslopes and stream channels and micro-climatic effects of streams on the riparian area provide great heterogeneity in processes and diversity of habitats. The tight coupling of the terrestrial riparian area with the aquatic system results from the closed canopy and high edge-to-area ratio for small streams. Riparian areas of the temperate, conifer dominated forests of the Pacific Northwest provide a unique environment. Forest management guidelines for small streams vary widely, and there has been little evaluation of the local or downstream consequences of forest practices along small streams.
机译：大溪流的河岸地区为许多物种提供了重要的栖息地，并控制了许多溪流过程，但是对于小溪流的边缘，情况是否一样？这篇综述考虑了西北太平洋森林山区的小河旁的河岸地区，并询问大河和其他地区是否存在根本的生态差异，任何差异是否会对管理产生影响。在西北太平洋许多小溪沿岸的湿润森林中，溪流和上坡森林之间的对比并不像较干燥地区那样强烈。小溪通常缺乏洪泛区，而河岸地区通常受到山坡的限制。然而，在小河中发现了与河岸相关的生物，其中一些是上游地区特有的。山坡和河道的扰动以及河道对河岸地区的微气候影响在过程和生境多样性方面提供了很大的异质性。陆地河岸区域与水生系统的紧密耦合是由于封闭的冠层和小溪流的高边对面积比率造成的。西北太平洋温带针叶林为主的河岸地区提供了独特的环境。小溪的森林管理准则相差很大，对小溪沿岸森林做法对当地或下游的影响几乎没有评估。

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