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Where do firms locate? Testing competing models of agglomeration

机译:公司在哪里?测试集聚的竞争模型

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Firms' location decisions often drive economic models of agglomeration, so distinguishing the causes of agglomeration requires understanding those decisions. Firms value proximity to (1) customers in market access models, (2) other firms as sources of positive externalities in production externality models, and (3) specialized inputs in natural advantage models. Special cases of production externalities are localization and urbanization externalities. Each model predicts different relationships between land rents in regions where an industry operates, that industry's productivity, that industry's share of regional employment, and how diverse is the regional workforce across industries. I use these predictions to empirically determine which model best explains the location decisions of firms in different US manufacturing industries.
机译:企业的区位决策通常会驱动集聚的经济模型,因此,要区分集聚的原因,就需要了解这些决策。公司重视在市场准入模型中接近(1)客户,(2)其他公司作为生产外部性模型中正外部性的来源以及(3)自然利益模型中的专门投入的价值。生产外部性的特殊情况是本地化和城市化外部性。每个模型都预测了一个行业运营区域的土地租金,该行业的生产率,该行业在区域就业中所占的份额以及跨行业的区域劳动力的多样性之间的不同关系。我使用这些预测来凭经验确定哪种模型最能说明美国不同制造业企业的选址决策。

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