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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research2012V243-244NOCT,15 >Origin of the term nuees ardentes and the 1580 and 1808 eruptions on Sao Jorge Island, Azores
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Origin of the term nuees ardentes and the 1580 and 1808 eruptions on Sao Jorge Island, Azores

机译：术语nuees ardentes的起源以及1580和1808年亚速尔群岛圣乔治岛的喷发

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摘要

In this paper we: provide a brief account of the 1580 and 1808 eruptions on Sao Jorge in the Azores, which produced Pyroclastic Density Currents (PDCs); discuss the first recorded use of the term nuees ardentes to describe these PDCs; trace how this term was introduced into the scientific literature and discuss its adoption by Alfred Lacroix (1863-1948) to describe the 'glowing clouds' produced by Mt. Pelee (Martinique) in 1902. The 1580 and 1808 eruptions on Sao Jorge are important because they provide early descriptions of PDCs. Documentary evidence of the eruptions and their impacts suggest that the 1580 PDC was a hotter flow, whereas the 1808 PDCs were cooler and more moist. Contemporary accounts describe the 1580 PDC as a 'globe of fire', mixed with 'caustic smoke' and moving at speed towards the bottom of the slope. In contrast, the 1808 PDCs comprised humid ash, were not incandescent and it is likely that the flows were cooler than that produced in 1580. Since the eruption of Mt. Pelee in 1902, it has been widely accepted that the term nuees ardentes was introduced by Lacroix (1904), being based on his description of the pyroclastic flows that he witnessed. Lacroix acknowledges that the Portuguese expression, nuvem ardente was first used in contemporary accounts of the Sao Jorge PDCs. This was first translated as nuee ardente and introduced into the scientific by the French geologist Ferdinand Fouque (1828-1904), who was also Lacroix's father-in-law. Indeed, Lacroix provides an account of the 1580 and 1808 eruptions of Sao Jorge in his 1904 work La Montagne Pelee et ses Eruptions. The seminal work of Frank Alvord Perret (1867-1943) on the 1929-32 eruptions of Mt. Pelee and his description of nuees ardentes probably helped reinforce the association between the term and Mt. Pelee. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：在本文中，我们：简要介绍了亚速尔群岛圣乔治在1580年和1808年的喷发，该喷发产生了火山碎屑密度流（PDC）；讨论“新人”一词的首次记录使用，以描述这些PDC；追溯该术语是如何被引入科学文献中的，并讨论其被Alfred Lacroix（1863-1948）所采用，以描述Mt. Pelee（马提尼克岛），1902年。圣乔治的1580年和1808年爆发很重要，因为它们提供了PDC的早期描述。有关喷发及其影响的文献证据表明，1580年的PDC较热，而1808年的PDC则凉爽且潮湿。当代的说法将1580 PDC形容为“火球”，混合着“腐蚀性烟雾”，并迅速向斜坡底部移动。相反，1808年的PDC含有湿灰，没有白炽灯，其流动可能比1580年产生的流动凉爽。 Pelee于1902年被人们广泛接受，Lacroix（1904）引入了nuees ardentes一词，这是基于他对亲眼所见的火山碎屑流的描述。 Lacroix承认葡萄牙语nuvem ardente最初是在圣若热PDC的当代叙述中使用的。它首先被翻译为nuee ardente，并由法国地质学家Ferdinand Fouque（1828-1904）引入科学领域，他也是Lacroix的岳父。确实，拉克鲁瓦（Lacroix）在他1904年的著作《蒙塔涅·皮利（La Montagne Pelee）等人的爆发》中描述了圣乔治（Sao Jorge）在1580年和1808年的火山爆发。弗兰克·阿尔沃·佩雷（Frank Alvord Perret，1867-1943年）在1929-32年山火山爆发中的开创性工作。佩里（Pelee）和他对细微差别的描述可能有助于加强这个词与泰山的联系。 Pelee。 （C）2018 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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