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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Subaqueous hot springs in Koycegiz Lake, Dalyan Channel and Fethiye-Gocek Bay (SW Turkey): Locations, chemistry and origins
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Subaqueous hot springs in Koycegiz Lake, Dalyan Channel and Fethiye-Gocek Bay (SW Turkey): Locations, chemistry and origins

机译：Koycegiz湖，Dalyan海峡和Fethiye-Gocek湾（西南土耳其）的水下温泉：位置，化学成分和起源

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In this study, horizontal temperature measurements along organized grids have been used to detect subaqueous hot springs. The study area, located in the southwest of Turkey and comprised of Koycegiz Lake, Dalyan Channel and Fethiye-Gocek Bay, was scanned by measuring temperatures horizontally, 2-3 m above the bottom of the lake or sea. After analyzing the temperature data along the grids, the locations with anomalous temperature values were detected, and divers headed here for further verification. Accordingly, among these anomalies, the divers confirmed seven of them as subaqueous hot springs. Three of these hot springs are located in the Koycegiz Lake, three of them are located in the Dalyan Channel and one hot spring is located in the Fethiye-Gocek Bay. At the locations where temperature anomalies were detected, the divers collected samples directly from the subaqueous hot spring using a syringe -type sampler. We evaluated these water samples together with samples collected from hot and cold springs on land and from local rivers, lakes and the sea, with an aim to generate a conceptual hydrogeochemical model of the geothermal system in the study area. This model predicts that rainwater precipitating in the highlands percolates through fractures and faults into the deeper parts of the Earth's crust, here it is heated and ascends through the sea bottom via buried faults. Pervious carbonate nappes that are underlain and overlain by impervious rocks create a confined aquifer. The southern boundary of the Carbonate-Marmaris nappes is buried under alluvium and/or sea/lake water bodies and this phenomenon determines whether hot springs occur on land or subaqueous. The chemical and isotopic properties of the hot springs point to seawater mixing at deep levels. Thus, the mixing most probably occurs while the water is ascending through the faults and fractures. The gas geochemistry results reveal that the lowest mantle He contributions occur in the samples from Koycegiz Lake, whereas the highest ones are found in samples from the Dalaman plain. For the first time, we made use of the micro-XRF sediment core scanning (ITRAX Scanner) for exploring the relation between subaqueous geothermal occurrence and chemical properties of the surrounding sediments. The spatial elemental distribution of sea/lake bottom sediments suggests that depending on the surrounding rock units and the temperature of the hot spring, the sediments around the spring can be enriched with certain elements. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：在这项研究中，沿着有组织的网格进行水平温度测量已被用于检测水下温泉。研究区域位于土耳其西南部，由Koycegiz湖，Dalyan海峡和Fethiye-Gocek湾组成，是通过水平测量温度来进行扫描的，该温度位于湖泊或海底上方2-3 m。在分析了沿网格的温度数据后，检测到温度值异常的位置，潜水员前往此处进行进一步验证。因此，在这些异常中，潜水员确认了其中的七个为水下温泉。这些温泉中的三个位于Koycegiz湖中，其中三个位于Dalyan海峡中，一个温泉位于费特希耶-高科克湾中。在检测到温度异常的位置，潜水员使用注射器式采样器直接从水下温泉中收集样品。我们对这些水样以及从陆地上的温泉和冷泉以及从当地河流，湖泊和海洋中收集的样品进行了评估，目的是生成研究区域中地热系统的概念性水文地球化学模型。该模型预测，高地中沉淀的雨水会通过裂缝和断层渗透到地壳的较深部分，然后在这里被加热并通过掩埋的断层上升到海底。在不透水的岩石下和上覆的渗透性碳酸盐岩层形成了一个封闭的含水层。碳酸盐-马尔马里斯尿布的南部边界被埋在冲积物和/或海/湖水体之下，这种现象决定了温泉是在陆地上还是在水下发生。温泉的化学和同位素特性表明海水会在深处混合。因此，最有可能在水通过断层和裂缝上升时发生混合。天然气地球化学结果表明，地幔中He的贡献最低出现在Koycegiz湖的样品中，而最高的发生在Dalaman平原的样品中。我们首次利用微型XRF沉积物岩心扫描仪（ITRAX Scanner）来探索水下水热事件与周围沉积物化学性质之间的关系。海/湖底沉积物的空间元素分布表明，取决于周围的岩石单元和温泉的温度，泉水周围的沉积物可以富含某些元素。 （C）2017 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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