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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Geochemical constraints on volatile sources and subsurface conditions at Mount Martin, Mount Mageik, and Trident Volcanoes, Katmai Volcanic Cluster, Alaska
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Geochemical constraints on volatile sources and subsurface conditions at Mount Martin, Mount Mageik, and Trident Volcanoes, Katmai Volcanic Cluster, Alaska

机译：阿拉斯加卡特迈火山群的马丁山，玛吉克山和三叉戟火山的挥发性源和地下条件的地球化学约束

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We use the chemical and isotopic composition of volcanic gases and steam condensate, in situ measurements of plume composition and remote measurements of SO2 flux to constrain volatile sources and characterize subvolcanic conditions at three persistently degassing and seismically active volcanoes within the Katmai Volcanic Cluster (KVC), Alaska: Mount Martin, Mount Mageik and Trident. In situ plume measurements of gas composition were collected at all three volcanoes using MuItiGAS instruments to calculate gas ratios (e.g. CO2/H2S, SO2/H2S and H2O/H2S), and remote measurements of SO2 column density were collected from Mount Martin and Mount Mageik by ultraviolet spectrometer systems to calculate SO2 fluxes. Fumaroles were directly sampled for chemical and isotopic composition from Mount Mageik and Trident. Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB)-like He-3/He-4 ratios (similar to 7.2-7.6 R-c/R-A) within Mount Mageik and Trident's fumarole emissions and a moderate SO2 flux (similar to 75 t/d) from Mount Martin, combined with gas compositions dominated by H2O, CO2 and H2S from all three volcanoes, indicate magma degassing and active hydrothermal systems in the subsurface of these volcanoes. Mount Martin's gas emissions have the lowest CO2/H2S ratio (similar to 2-4) and highest SO2 flux compared to the other INC volcanoes, indicative of shallow magma degassing. Geothermometry techniques applied to Mount Mageik and Trident's fumarolic gas compositions suggest that their hydrothermal reservoirs are located at depths of similar to 0.2 and 4 km below the surface, respectively. Observations of an unusually reducing gas composition at Trident and organic material in the near-surface soils suggest that thermal decomposition of sediments may be influencing gas composition. When the measured gas compositions from Mount Mageik and Trident are compared with previous samples collected in the late 1990's, relatively stable magmatic-hydrothermal conditions are inferred for Mount Mageik, while gradual degassing of residual magma and contamination by shallow crustal fluids is inferred for Trident. The isotopic composition of volcanic gases emitted from Mount Mageik and Trident reflect mixing of subducted slab, mantle and crustal volatile sources, with organic sediment and carbonate being the predominant sources. Considering the close proximity of the target volcanoes in comparison with the depth to the subducted slab we speculate that Aleutian Arc volatiles are fed by a relatively homogeneous subducted fluid and that much of the apparent variability in volatile provenance can be explained by shallow crustal volatile sources and/or processes. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：我们使用火山气体和蒸汽冷凝物的化学和同位素组成，烟羽组成的原位测量以及SO2流量的远程测量来约束挥发性源，并描述卡特迈火山群（KVC）内三个持续脱气和地震活跃的火山的亚火山条件，阿拉斯加：马丁山，玛吉克山和三叉戟。使用MuItiGAS仪器在所有三个火山上进行了现场羽状气体测量，以计算气体比率（例如CO2 / H2S，SO2 / H2S和H2O / H2S），并从马丁山和马吉克山收集了SO2柱密度的远程测量结果通过紫外光谱仪系统来计算SO2通量。直接从Mount Mageik和Trident提取喷气孔的化学和同位素组成。 Mageik山中类似洋中脊玄武岩（MORB）的He-3 / He-4比值（约7.2-7.6 Rc / RA）和马丁山中Trident的富马酚排放量和中等的SO2通量（约75 t / d）结合来自所有三个火山的H2O，CO2和H2S占主导地位的气体成分，表明这些火山地下的岩浆脱气和活跃的热液系统。与其他INC火山相比，马丁山的气体排放具有最低的CO2 / H2S比（类似于2-4）和最高的SO2通量，表明岩浆脱气较浅。应用于Mageik山和Trident的富马岩气成分的地热计量技术表明，它们的热液储层分别位于地表以下约0.2 km和4 km的深度。在三叉戟和近地表土壤中的有机物质中异常减少的气体成分的观察表明，沉积物的热分解可能会影响气体成分。当将来自Mageik山和Trident的测得气体成分与1990年代后期收集的先前样品进行比较时，推断出Mageik山的岩浆-热液条件相对稳定，而Trident则推断出了剩余岩浆的逐渐脱气和浅地液的污染。从马吉克山和三叉戟山喷出的火山气体的同位素组成反映了俯冲板，地幔和地壳挥发性源的混合，其中有机沉积物和碳酸盐为主要来源。考虑到目标火山与俯冲板的深度相比更接近，我们推测阿留申弧挥发物是由相对均质的俯冲流体供给的，并且其挥发物来源的许多表观变异性可以由浅地壳挥发物来源和/或进程。 （C）2017 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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    Lopez T.; Tassi F.; Aiuppa A.; Galle B.; Rizzo A. L.; Fiebig J.; Capecchiacci F.; Giudice G.; Caliro S.; Tamburello G.;

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    Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Geophys Inst, Alaska Volcano Observ, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA;

    Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy;

    Univ Palermo, DiSTeM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy;

    Chalmers Univ Technol, Horsalsvagen 11, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden;

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, I-90146 Palermo, Italy;

    Goethe Univ, Inst Geosci, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany;

    Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy;

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, I-90146 Palermo, Italy;

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Napoli Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 32, I-80124 Naples, Italy;

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Bologna, Via Donato Creti 12, I-40128 Bologna, Italy;

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