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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Measuring effusion rates of obsidian lava flows by means of satellite thermal data
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Measuring effusion rates of obsidian lava flows by means of satellite thermal data

机译：通过卫星热数据测量黑曜石熔岩流的积水率

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摘要

Space-based thermal data are increasingly used for monitoring effusive eruptions, especially for calculating lava discharge rates and forecasting hazards related to basaltic lava flows. The application of this methodology to silicic, more viscous lava bodies (such as obsidian lava flows) is much less frequent, with only few examples documented in the last decades. The 2011-2012 eruption of Cordon Caulle volcano (Chile) produced a voluminous obsidian lava flow (similar to 0.6 km(3)) and offers an exceptional opportunity to analyze the relationship between heat and volumetric flux for such type of viscous lava bodies. Based on a retrospective analysis of MODIS infrared data (MIROVA system), we found that the energy radiated by the active lava flow is robustly correlated with the erupted lava volume, measured independently. We found that after a transient time of about 15 days, the coefficient of proportionality between radiant and volumetric flux becomes almost steady, and stabilizes around a value of similar to 5 x 10(6) J M-3. This coefficient (i.e. radiant density) is much lower than those found for basalts (similar to 1 x 10(8) J m(-3)) and likely reflects the appropriate spreading and cooling properties of the highly-insulated, viscous flows. The effusion rates trend inferred from MODIS data correlates well with the tremor amplitude and with the plume elevation recorded throughout the eruption, thus suggesting a link between the effusive and the coeval explosive activity. Modelling of the eruptive trend indicates that the Cordon Caulle eruption occurred in two stages, either incompletely draining a single magma reservoir or more probably tapping multiple interconnected magmatic compartments. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：天基热数据越来越多地用于监测喷发性喷发，尤其是用于计算熔岩排放速率和预测与玄武岩熔岩流有关的危害。这种方法在硅质，粘性更大的熔岩体（例如黑曜石熔岩流）中的应用要少得多，在过去的几十年中仅记录了很少的例子。 2011年至2012年，科尔多山卡德火山（智利）喷发产生了大量的黑曜石熔岩流（类似于0.6 km（3）），并为分析此类粘性熔岩体的热量与体积通量之间的关系提供了绝佳的机会。在对MODIS红外数据（MIROVA系统）进行回顾性分析的基础上，我们发现主动熔岩流辐射出的能量与熔岩喷发量独立地测量了稳健的相关性。我们发现，经过大约15天的过渡时间后，辐射和体积通量之间的比例系数几乎变得稳定，并稳定在类似于5 x 10（6）J M-3的值附近。该系数（即辐射密度）远低于玄武岩的系数（类似于1 x 10（8）J m（-3）），并且很可能反映了高度绝缘的粘性流的适当散布和冷却特性。从MODIS数据推断出的流出速率趋势与震颤幅度和整个喷发过程中记录的羽流高度高度相关，因此暗示了喷发性和同期爆发力之间存在联系。爆发趋势的模型表明，Cordon Caulle喷发分两个阶段发生，要么是不完全排空单个岩浆储层，要么更可能是利用多个相互连接的岩浆区室。 （C）2017 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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