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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research2012V243-244NOCT,15 >The latest explosive eruptions of Ciomadul (Csomad) volcano, East Carpathians - A tephrostratigraphic approach for the 51-29 ka BP time interval
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The latest explosive eruptions of Ciomadul (Csomad) volcano, East Carpathians - A tephrostratigraphic approach for the 51-29 ka BP time interval

机译：东喀尔巴阡Ciomadul（Csomad）火山的最新爆炸性爆发-51-29 ka BP时间间隔的岩相地层学方法

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摘要

The most recent, mainly explosive eruptions of Ciomadul, the youngest volcano in the Carpatho-Pannonian Region, have been constrained by detailed field volcanological studies, major element pumice glass geochemistry, luminescence and radiocarbon dating, and a critical evaluation of available geochronological data. These investigations were complemented by the first tephrostratigraphic studies of the lacustrine infill of Ciomadul's twin craters (St. Ana and Mohos) that received tephra deposition during the last eruptions of the volcano. Our analysis shows that significant explosive activity, collectively called EPPA (Early Phreatomagmatic and Plinian Activity), started at Ciomadul in or around the present-day Mohos, the older crater, at >= 51 ka BP. These eruptions resulted in a thick succession of pyroclastic-fall deposits found in both proximal and medial/distal localities around the volcano, characterized by highly silicic (rhyolitic) glass chemical compositions (ca. 75.2-79.8 wt.% SiO2). The EPPA stage was terminated by a subplinian/plinian eruption at ka BP, producing pumiceous pyroclasticfall and-flow deposits of similar glass composition, probably from a "Proto-St. Ana" vent located at or around the younger crater hosting the present-day Lake St. Ana. After a quiescent period with a proposed lava dome growth in the St Ana crater, a new explosive stage began, defined as MPA (Middle Plinian Activity). In particular, a significant two-phase eruption occurred at similar to 31.5 ka BP, producing pyroclastic flows from vulcanian explosions disrupting the preexisting lava dome of SE Ana, and followed by pumiceous fallout from a plinian eruption column. Related pyroclastic deposits show a characteristic, less evolved rhyolitic glass composition (ca. 70.2-74.5 wt% SiO2) and occur both in proximal and medial/distal localities up to 21 km from source. The MPA eruptions, that may have pre-shaped a crater similar to, but possibly smaller than, the present-day St Ana crater, was followed by a so far unknown, but likewise violent last eruptive stage from the same vent, creating the final morphology of the crater. This stage, referred to as LSPA (Latest St Ana Phreatomagmatic Activity), produced pyroclastic-fall deposits of more evolved rhyolitic glass composition (ca. 72.8-78.8 wt% SiO2) compared to that of the previous MPA stage. According to radiocarbon age constraints on bulk sediment, charcoal and organic matter from lacustrine sediments recovered from both craters, the last of these phreatomagmatic eruptions that draped the landscape toward the east and southeast of the volcano - occurred at similar to 29.6 ka BP, some 2000 years later than the previously suggested last eruption of Ciomadul. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：卡尔帕索-潘诺尼亚地区最年轻的火山Ciomadul最近爆发的主要是爆发性喷发，受到详细的野外火山学研究，主要元素浮石玻璃地球化学，发光和放射性碳测年以及对现有地质年代学数据的严格评估的限制。这些研究得到了Ciomadul的两个火山口（圣安娜和莫霍斯）的湖相填充物的第一个岩相地层学研究的补充，该火山口在火山的最后一次喷发期间接受了特弗拉的沉积。我们的分析表明，重大的爆炸活动（统称为EPPA（早期岩浆和普林纪活动））始于现今Mohos（或更老的火山口）≥51 ka BP的Ciomadul。这些喷发导致在火山周围的近端和中间/远端区域都发现了一系列厚厚的火山碎屑沉积物，这些沉积物的特征是高硅质（流纹质）玻璃化学成分（约75.2-79.8 wt。％SiO2）。 EPPA阶段由ka BP的亚平流层/平流层喷发终止，产生了类似的玻璃成分的粉状火山碎屑落和流动沉积物，可能来自位于现今的年轻火山口处或附近的“ Pro-St。Ana”喷口。圣安娜湖。在拟议中的圣安娜火山口形成一个熔岩穹顶的静止期之后，一个新的爆炸阶段开始了，被定义为MPA（中普利尼活动）。特别是，类似于31.5 ka BP发生了明显的两相喷发，是由火山爆发引起的火山碎屑流破坏了SE Ana先前存在的熔岩穹顶，随后是来自普林尼喷发柱的浮尘。相关的火山碎屑沉积物显示出特征性的，演化较少的流纹玻璃成分（约70.2-74.5 wt％SiO2），并且发生在距源头21 km的近端和中/远端区域。 MPA爆发可能已经形成了类似于现在的圣安娜火山口的火山口，但可能比现在的圣安娜火山口小，但随后又发生了一个迄今未知但同样暴力的爆发期，从同一喷口爆发，形成了最后一个火山口的形态。与先前的MPA阶段相比，此阶段被称为LSPA（最新的圣安娜磁磁活动），产生了更多演化的流纹玻璃成分（约72.8-78.8 wt％SiO2）的火山碎屑落沉积物。根据放射性碳年龄对从两个火山口回收的湖相沉积物中大量沉积物，木炭和有机物的放射性碳年龄的限制，这些岩浆喷发的最后一次爆发使景观向火山的东部和东南方向延伸-发生在大约2000年的29.6 ka BP比以前建议的最后一次库马杜尔喷发晚了几年。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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    Karatson D.; Wulf S.; Veres D.; Magyari E. K.; Gertisser R.; Timar-Gabor A.; Novothny A.; Telbisz T.; Szalai Z.; Anechitei-Deacu V.; Appelt O.; Bormann M.; Janosi Cs.; Hubay K.; Schaebitz F.;

  • 作者单位

    Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Pazmany s 1-C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;

    GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Sect Climate Dynam & Landscape Evolut 5 2, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany|Senckenberg Res Inst, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany|Nat Hist Museum, BIK F, Evolut & Climate 7SP6, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany;

    Romanian Acad, Inst Speleol, Clinicilor 5, Cluj Napoca 400006, Romania;

    Eotvos Lorand Univ, MTA MTM ELTE Res Grp Paleontol, Pezmany s 1-C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;

    Keele Univ, Sch Phys & Geog Sci, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England;

    Univ Babes Bolyai, Interdisciplinary Res Inst Bionanosci, Treboniu Laurean Str 42, RO-400271 Cluj Napoca, Romania|Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Environm Sci & Engn, Fantanele Str 30, RO-400294 Cluj Napoca, Romania;

    Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Pazmany s 1-C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;

    Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Pazmany s 1-C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;

    Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Environm & Landscape Geog, Pezmany s 1-C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary|Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Budaorsi Ut 45, H-1112 Budapest, Hungary;

    Univ Babes Bolyai, Interdisciplinary Res Inst Bionanosci, Treboniu Laurean Str 42, RO-400271 Cluj Napoca, Romania|Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Environm Sci & Engn, Fantanele Str 30, RO-400294 Cluj Napoca, Romania;

    GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Sect Chem & Phys Earth Mat 4 3, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany;

    Univ Cologne, Inst Geog Educ, Gronewaldstr 2, D-50931 Cologne, Germany;

    Inimii 3 14, RO-430225 Miercurea Ciuc, Romania;

    Hertelendi Lab Environm Studies, Atomki, Bem Ter 18-c, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary;

    Univ Cologne, Inst Geog Educ, Gronewaldstr 2, D-50931 Cologne, Germany;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Ciomadul; Tephrostratigraphy; Quaternary; Carpathians; Radiometric chronology;

    机译：西奥马杜尔;颅骨地层学;第四纪;喀尔巴阡山脉;放射年代学;

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