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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Eruption conditions of spatter deposits
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Eruption conditions of spatter deposits

机译：飞溅的沉积物喷发条件

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Spatter is an eruptive product that forms within a narrow range of thermal conditions: it must be hot enough to deform and agglutinate, but not so hot that clasts completely re-fuse and remobilize as clastogenic lava. This narrow thermal window of spatter-forming conditions allows for quantitative prediction of cooling rates and accumulation rates. Cooling and accumulation rates then provide information that enables estimates of eruption parameters for inaccessible and prehistoric deposits. High-temperature experiments conducted on basaltic scoria from Devil's Garden, Oregon have revealed the eruption temperature was similar to 1130 degrees C The strength welds formed between experimental clasts is shown to depend on cooling rate. Natural samples are compared to the experimental samples by measuring tensile strength and welded area between clasts. The weld strength in natural deposits yields estimates of cooling rates that range between 2.5 degrees C and 48 degrees C/min, with the majority of the samples grouping between 7 degrees C and 14 degrees C/min. Thermal models based on these cooling rates yield spatter accumulation rates of 0.5-1.8 m/h in the Devil's Garden spatter deposits. We provide a general model for cooling and accumulation rates for spatter cones, ramparts, and homitos, which allow estimation of the factors that control basaltic eruptive products. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：飞溅物是一种在狭窄的热条件下形成的喷发性产品：它必须足够热才能变形和凝结，但又不能太热以至于碎屑完全重新熔化并像碎屑熔岩一样迁移。飞溅形成条件的狭窄热窗口允许定量预测冷却速率和累积速率。然后，冷却和累积速率会提供信息，从而能够估算出难以到达的史前沉积物的喷发参数。在俄勒冈州魔鬼花园的玄武岩渣层上进行的高温实验表明，喷发温度与1130摄氏度相似。实验夹层之间形成的强度焊缝显示出取决于冷却速率。通过测量夹层之间的拉伸强度和焊接面积，将天然样品与实验样品进行比较。天然沉积物中的焊接强度可得出冷却速率的估计值，范围在2.5摄氏度和48摄氏度/分钟之间，大多数样品在7摄氏度和14摄氏度/分钟之间。基于这些冷却速率的热模型在魔鬼花园的飞溅物沉积物中产生了0.5-1.8 m / h的飞溅物积累速率。我们提供了飞溅锥，城墙和人参的冷却和累积速率的通用模型，可以估算控制玄武岩喷发产品的因素。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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