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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Sequential plug formation, disintegration by Vulcanian explosions, and the generation of granular Pyroclastic Density Currents at Tungurahua volcano (2013-2014), Ecuador
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Sequential plug formation, disintegration by Vulcanian explosions, and the generation of granular Pyroclastic Density Currents at Tungurahua volcano (2013-2014), Ecuador

机译：厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦火山（2013-2014年）相继形成塞子，因瓦肯火山爆炸而崩解并产生粒状热碎屑密度流

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Following 84 years of repose, Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador initiated its present eruptive episode in October 1999, but its PDC activity only began in July 2006. A period of highly energetic Vulcanian eruptions started in 2012, those of 14 July 2013,18 October 2013, and 1 February 2014 being the most important. These eruptions were well-monitored by a 5-station broadband seismic and acoustic array. Repeated repose intervals of similar to 3.5 months between Vulcanian events (VEI similar to 2) suggest that gases in the ascending juvenile magma experienced sequential pressurization cycles, as magma of preceding eruptive events solidified to form plugs that sealed the conduit. Every 34 months plug failure occurred, abrupt decompression followed, and the resulting Vulcanian explosions are associated with the highest seismic and acoustic energies ever registered anywhere. Small to moderate-sized PDC flows associated with the explosions and fountain collapses were generated and traveled <= 7 km down the steep N, NW, and W flanks of Tungurahua's cone at velocities of 11 to 18 m/s, although a small lateral blast and its PDC were clocked at 33 m/s descending the N flank. The explosive fragmentation of the plugs (a dense microcrystalline andesite) and the juvenile magma (a vesiculated glassy andesite) comprise the principal rock fragments of the PDC deposits. Each deposit typically consisting of two layers; a thin upper layer of large segregated and abraded clasts with few fines and a thicker lower layer that is fines-rich with few large clasts. Many deposits were studied and photographed within a few days of their formation, which are presented. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：经过84年的休养之后，厄瓜多尔的通古拉瓦火山于1999年10月开始了目前的喷发，但PDC的活动直到2006年7月才开始。一段高能量的瓦肯火山喷发始于2012年，2013年7月14日，2013年10月18日，最重要的是2014年2月1日这些爆发由5站宽带地震和声学阵列进行了良好监测。 Vulcanian事件之间的重复休止间隔接近3.5个月（VEI与2相似）表明，上升的幼年岩浆中的气体经历了连续的增压循环，因为先前爆发事件的岩浆凝固形成了堵塞管道的塞子。每隔34个月发生塞子故障，然后突然减压，由此产生的Vulcanian爆炸与有史以来最高的地震和声能相关。产生了与爆炸和喷泉倒塌相关的中小型PDC流，并以11至18 m / s的速度沿通古拉瓦锥的陡峭N，NW和W侧面行进了<= 7 km，尽管发生了一次横向爆炸它的PDC以N侧面下降的33 m / s的速度计时。栓塞（致密的微晶安山岩）和少年岩浆（囊状玻璃状安山岩）的爆炸性碎屑构成了PDC矿床的主要岩石碎屑。每个沉积物通常由两层组成；较薄的上层，上面有大块的分离和磨损的碎屑，很少有碎屑，而较厚的下层则是富含碎屑的碎屑，很少有较大碎屑。许多矿床在形成后的几天内就进行了研究和拍照。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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