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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >The Tolbachik volcanic massif: A review of the petrology, volcanology and eruption history prior to the 2012-2013 eruption
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The Tolbachik volcanic massif: A review of the petrology, volcanology and eruption history prior to the 2012-2013 eruption

机译：Tolbachik火山地块：2012-2013年喷发之前的岩石学，火山学和喷发历史的回顾

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摘要

The primary goal of this paper is to summarize all of the published data on the Tolbachik volcanic massif in order to provide a clear framework for the geochronologic, petrologic, geochemical and to a lesser extent the geophysical and tectonic characteristics of the Tolbachik system established prior to the 2012-2013 eruption. The Tolbachik massif forms the southwestern part of the voluminous Klyuchevskoy volcanic group in Kamchatka. The massif includes two large stratovolcanoes, Ostry ("Sharp") Tolbachik and Plosky ("Flat") Tolbachik, and a 70 km long zone of the basaltic monogenetic cones that form an arcuate rift-like structure running across the Plosky Tolbachik summit. The Tolbachik massif gained international attention after the 1975-1976 Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption (GTFE), which was one of the largest eruptions of the 20th century and one of the six largest basaltic fissure eruptions in historical time. By the end of the GTFE, 2.2 km(3) of volcanic products of variable basaltic compositions with MORB-like isotopic characteristics covered an area of >1000 km(2). During the following three decades more than 700 papers on various aspects of this eruption have been published both in national and international journals. Although the recent 2012-2013 eruption, which is the main topic of this volume, was not as long as the GTFE in duration or as large in area and volume of the erupted deposits, it brought to the surface a unique volcanic material never found before. In order to understand the data from new eruptions and make significant progress towards a better understanding of the Tolbachik magmatic system it is important to be able to put the new results into the historic context of previous research. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：本文的主要目的是总结有关托尔巴奇克火山地块的所有已公开数据，以便为在此之前建立的托尔巴奇克系统的地球年代学，岩石学，地球化学以及较小程度上的地球物理和构造特征提供一个清晰的框架。 2012-2013年的喷发。托尔巴奇克地块是堪察加庞大的Klyuchevskoy火山群的西南部分。地块包括两个大型的平流火山，Ostry（“ Sharp”）Tolbachik和Plosky（“ Flat”）Tolbachik，以及70公里长的玄武岩单生圆锥体区域，形成一个横跨Plosky Tolbachik峰顶的弧形裂谷状结构。 1975年至1976年的大托尔巴乔克裂隙喷发（GTFE）之后，托尔巴奇克地块引起了国际关注，这是20世纪最大的喷发之一，也是历史时期六大玄武岩性喷发之一。到GTFE结束时，具有MORB样同位素特征的可变玄武岩成分的2.2 km（3）火山产物覆盖了> 1000 km（2）的面积。在随后的三十年中，有关喷发的各个方面的700余篇论文已在国家和国际期刊上发表。尽管最近的这次喷发是这一体积的主要主题，但其持续时间不像GTFE持续时间长，也不像喷发沉积物的面积和体积那么大，但它却使一种独特的火山物质浮出水面。为了理解来自新火山喷发的数据并在更好地了解托尔巴奇克岩浆系统方面取得重大进展，将新结果纳入先前研究的历史背景非常重要。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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