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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Use of ASTER and MODIS thermal infrared data to quantify heat flow and hydrothermal change at Yellowstone National Park
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Use of ASTER and MODIS thermal infrared data to quantify heat flow and hydrothermal change at Yellowstone National Park

机译：利用ASTER和MODIS热红外数据量化黄石国家公园的热流和水热变化

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The overarching aim of this study was to use satellite thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing to monitor geo-thermal activity within the Yellowstone geothermal area to meet the missions of both the U.S. Geological Survey and the Yellowstone National Park Geology Program. Specific goals were to: 1) address the challenges of monitoring the surface thermal characteristics of the > 10,000 spatially and temporally dynamic thermal features in the Park (including hot springs, pools, geysers, fumaroles, and mud pots) that are spread out over ～5000 km~2, by using satellite TIR remote sensing tools (e.g., ASTER and MODIS), 2) to estimate the radiant geothermal heat flux (GHF) for Yellowstone's thermal areas, and 3) to identify normal, background thermal changes so that significant, abnormal changes can be recognized, should they ever occur (e.g., changes related to tectonic, hydrothermal, impending volcanic processes, or human activities, such as nearby geothermal development). ASTER TIR data (90-m pixels) were used to estimate the radiant GHF from all of Yellowstone's thermal features and update maps of thermal areas. MODIS TIR data (1-km pixels) were used to record background thermal radiance variations from March 2000 through December 2010 and establish thermal change detection limits. A lower limit for the radiant GHF estimated from ASTER TIR temperature data was established at ～2.0 GW, which is ～30-45% of the heat flux estimated through geochemical thermometry. Also, about 5 km~2 of thermal areas was added to the geodatabase of mapped thermal areas. A decade-long time-series of MODIS TIR radiance data was dominated by seasonal cycles. A background subtraction technique was used in an attempt to isolate variations due to geothermal changes. Several statistically significant perturbations were noted in the time-series from Norris Geyser Basin, however many of these did not correspond to documented thermal disturbances. This study provides concrete examples of the strengths and limitations of current satellite TIR monitoring of geothermal areas, highlighting some specific areas that can be improved. This work provides a framework for future satellite-based thermal monitoring at Yellowstone and other volcanic and geothermal systems.
机译：这项研究的总体目标是使用卫星热红外（TIR）遥感监测黄石地热区内的地热活动，以满足美国地质调查局和黄石国家公园地质计划的任务。具体目标是：1）应对监测分布在〜范围内的公园中10,000多个时空动态热特征（包括温泉，水池，间歇泉，喷气孔和泥锅）的表面热特征的挑战。通过使用卫星TIR遥感工具（例如ASTER和MODIS）在5000 km〜2范围内估算2，以估算黄石热区的辐射地热通量（GHF），以及3）识别正常的背景热变化，从而显着如果发生异常变化（例如与构造，热液，即将发生的火山过程或人类活动（例如附近的地热发育）有关的变化），则可以识别出异常变化。 ASTER TIR数据（90米像素）用于根据黄石的所有热特征估算辐射GHF，并更新热区域图。 MODIS TIR数据（1公里像素）用于记录2000年3月至2010年12月的背景热辐射变化，并建立热变化检测极限。根据ASTER TIR温度数据估算的辐射GHF的下限确定为〜2.0 GW，这是通过地球化学测温法估算的热通量的〜30-45％。另外，将大约5 km〜2的热区添加到了映射的热区地理数据库中。 MODIS TIR辐射数据的十年时间序列受季节周期的支配。背景扣除技术用于尝试隔离由于地热变化而引起的变化。在诺里斯间歇泉盆地的时间序列中注意到了几个具有统计意义的扰动，但是其中许多并不对应于已记录的热扰动。这项研究提供了具体的例子，说明了当前对地热区域进行卫星TIR监视的优势和局限性，重点介绍了一些可以改进的特定区域。这项工作为将来在黄石公园以及其他火山和地热系统的基于卫星的热监测提供了框架。

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