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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Morphometric analysis of lava flow units: Case study over LIDAR-derived topography at Mount Etna, Italy
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Morphometric analysis of lava flow units: Case study over LIDAR-derived topography at Mount Etna, Italy

机译：熔岩流单位的形态分析：意大利埃特纳火山沿岸激光雷达衍生地形的案例研究

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High resolution, LIDAR-derived digital elevation models of volcanic areas can significantly improve knowledge of lava flow morphology and emplacement mechanisms. Here we focus on single flow units, presenting a new semi-automatic procedure which provides a quantitative analysis of their shape. The method relies on the automatic processing of the elevation profiles obtained on transects orthogonal to the flow unit axis. The initial phase of the Mount Etna flank eruption from September 2004 is taken as test case, and the procedure is applied on an active lava flow, which was emplaced on the eastern flank of the volcano. The main topographic dataset used is a 2-m-resolution digital elevation model obtained from a LIDAR survey. Starting from the axis of a lava flow unit, our method yields morphometric data on the flow unit at a 2 m spacing, calculating parameters including flow width, channel width, the heights of the levees, inward and outward slope of levees, and estimating pre-emplacement slope along the axis. The procedure is embedded in a customized GIS, which allows easy processing, handling and displaying of data. The procedure has also been applied to another flow unit emplaced during the October-November 1999 overflow from the Bocca Nuova crater. Results show that the channel width seems to accommodate first-order trends of the pre-emplacement slope along the flow unit axis, while it is little affected by high frequency changes in slope; in contrast, flow unit width and flow unit thickness are apparently influenced by small-scale changes in slope. The different emplacement conditions of the two flow units are reflected by the overall contrasting morphologies, as shown by the different average thickness and by the different ratios between (i) flow width vs. channel width and (ii) flow unit section area vs. channel width. The new method provides an enhanced, systematic and thorough morphometric description of flow units, which may improve the understanding of the emplacement mechanisms of lava flows on Earth and other planets.
机译：高分辨率，基于LIDAR的火山区数字高程模型可以显着提高对熔岩流形态和沉积机理的了解。在这里，我们将重点放在单流单元上，介绍一种新的半自动程序，该程序可对其形状进行定量分析。该方法依赖于在与流动单元轴正交的样条上获得的高程剖面的自动处理。从2004年9月开始的埃特纳火山侧翼爆发的初始阶段作为测试用例，并将该过程应用于活跃的熔岩流，该熔岩流位于火山的东侧。使用的主要地形数据集是从LIDAR测量获得的2米分辨率数字高程模型。从熔岩流动单元的轴线开始，我们的方法以2 m的间距在流动单元上生成形态计量数据，计算参数，包括流动宽度，通道宽度，堤坝的高度，堤坝的向内和向外的坡度，以及估算沿轴的定位坡度。该过程嵌入在定制的GIS中，从而可以轻松处理，处理和显示数据。该程序还应用于在Bocca Nuova火山口1999年10月至11月溢流期间安装的另一个流动单元。结果表明，通道宽度似乎适应了流前轴沿流单位轴的一阶趋势，而几乎不受斜率高频变化的影响。相反，流量单位宽度和流量单位厚度显然受到坡度小范围变化的影响。两个流动单元的不同放置条件由总体对比的形态反映，如平均厚度不同以及（i）流动宽度与通道宽度和（ii）流动单元截面面积与通道之间的比率不同所表示。宽度。新方法提供了对流动单元的增强，系统和透彻的形态计量描述，这可能会增进对地球和其他行星上的熔岩流的定位机制的理解。

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