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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Early detection of large eruptions at Piton de La Fournaise volcano (La Reunion Island):Contribution of a distant tiltmeter station
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Early detection of large eruptions at Piton de La Fournaise volcano (La Reunion Island):Contribution of a distant tiltmeter station

机译：早期发现皮登·德·富尔纳瓦火山（留尼汪岛）大爆发：一个遥测仪站的贡献

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摘要

We report a compilation of data recorded at a distant tiltmeter station (RER) during recent episodes of dyke emplacement and eruption (2003-2007) at Piton de La Fournaise volcano (La Reunion Island). This sensitive station provides useful information for evaluating the extent of deformation. Distinct responses of this station were recorded based on the eruption type. Dykes feeding summit eruptions did not significantly influence the RER tiltmeter signals, whereas dykes feeding large distal eruptions (with vents located more than 4 km from the summit) generated up to 1.4 μrad of tilt, an amplitude 2 to 4 times greater than for proximal eruptions (0.3-0.7 urad) on the flanks of the summit cone. The distinct tilt amplitude is directly linked to the location, depth, and volume of the dyke. Comparison with summit tiltmeters reveals that up to one-third to half of the RER tilt signal associated to dyke propagation is recorded when the dyke is still below the summit crater. Thus, before large distal eruptions, more than 0.5 urad of tilt is recorded in less than 20 min when the dyke is below the summit crater (i.e. a few minutes/hours before the beginning of the eruption). We can thus propose for the RER station a threshold value of 0.5 μrad which, when reached as a dyke rises beneath the summit crater, suggests a high likelihood of a large distal eruption. The distant RER tiltmeter station thus appears to be a powerful tool for forecasting the type of eruption that is likely to occur, and can contribute to the early detection of large distal eruptions at Piton de La Fournaise, which are the most dangerous to inhabitants. For volcano monitoring, installation of high precision distant tiltmeters along the lower slopes of a volcano may provide warnings of large eruptions with enough lead time to allow for short-term hazards mitigation efforts.
机译：我们报告了在Piton de La Fournaise火山（留尼汪岛）堤坝最近发生和喷发期间（2003-2007年），在远距离倾斜仪站（RER）上记录的数据汇编。该敏感站为评估变形程度提供了有用的信息。根据喷发类型记录了该站的不同响应。顶峰爆发的堤坝对RER倾斜仪信号没有显着影响，而大远端爆发的堤坝（喷口距离顶峰超过4 km）产生高达1.4μrad的倾斜度，其振幅比近端爆发高2至4倍（0.3-0.7乌拉德）在山顶锥的侧面。不同的倾斜幅度直接与堤的位置，深度和体积相关。与山顶倾斜仪的比较显示，当堤坝仍位于山顶陨石坑下方时，记录到与堤坝传播相关的RER倾斜信号的三分之一至一半。因此，在大的远端喷发之前，当堤坝位于山顶火山口以下时（即喷发开始前的几分钟/小时），在不到20分钟的时间内记录到的倾斜度大于0.5乌拉特。因此，我们可以为RER站提出一个0.5μrad的阈值，当堤坝上升到山顶陨石坑下方时达到该阈值，表明远端喷发的可能性很高。因此，遥远的RER倾斜仪站似乎是预测可能发生的喷发类型的有力工具，并且可以有助于及早发现在Piton de La Fournaise的远端喷发，这对居民而言是最危险的。对于火山监测，沿着火山下坡安装高精度远距离倾斜仪可能会以足够的提前期为大型火山爆发提供警告，以便为减轻短期危害做出努力。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》 |2011年第2期|p.96-104|共9页
  • 作者

    Aline Peltier; Patrick Bachelery; Thomas Staudacher;

  • 作者单位

    Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris et Universite Paris Diderot (Sorbonne Paris-Cite), UMR CNRS 7154, Geologic des Systemes Volcaniques, 1 ruejussieu, 75238 Paris cedex 05, France;

    Laboratoire GeoSciences Reunion, Universite de la Reunion, lnstitut de Physique du Globe de Paris et Universite Paris Diderot (Sorbonne Paris-Cite), UMR CNRS 7154,Geologie des Systemes Volcaniques, 15 avenue Rene Cassin, BP 97715 Saint-Denis cedex 9, La Reunion, France;

    Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise, lnstitut de Physique du Globe de Paris et Université Paris Diderot (Sorbonne Paris-Cité), UMR CNRS 7154,Géologie des Systèmes Volcaniques, 14 RN3, le 27~(ème) km, 97418, La Plaine des Cafres, La Reunion, France;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Piton de la fournaise; volcano; tiltmeter; dyke; ground deformation; volcano eruptions;

    机译：Piton de la fournaise;火山;倾斜仪;堤;地面变形;火山喷发;

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