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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Extreme alteration by hyperacidic brines at Kawah Ijen volcano, East Java, Indonesia: II Metasomatic imprint and element fluxes
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Extreme alteration by hyperacidic brines at Kawah Ijen volcano, East Java, Indonesia: II Metasomatic imprint and element fluxes

机译：印度尼西亚东爪哇省卡瓦伊真火山的高酸性盐水引起的极端变化：II元代交代烙印和元素通量

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The hyperacidic brines of the Kawah Ijen crater lake and Banyu Pahit river, East Java, Indonesia, induce an intense alteration on their magmatic host rock. This alteration is a proxy for water-rock interaction in magmatic-hydrothermal systems and associated high-sulphidation mineralizing environments, as well as for how these systems translate changes in the magmatic system to surface emissions, which are used in volcanic hazard monitoring. Detailed bulk chemical study of altered and unaltered samples shows that alteration is characterised by near-complete leaching of all major and trace elements, except for Pb, Sn and Sb, which are progressively enriched (Pb up to 15-fold absolute enrichment). The resulting element release is complementary to the observed changes in composition of the Banyu Pahit water downstream, when corrected for dilution, indicating that alteration progressively increases the element load. The signature of the change in water chemistry is best explained by complete alteration of fresh rock, rather than mature alteration, which might be expected given the advanced altered state of the riverbed. Together with mass balance considerations, this indicates that the dominant element source is material falling into the river from the valley flanks. The chemical signature of the crater lake is inconsistent with the observed alteration in samples from the hydrothermal system, and likewise is best explained by surface input of cations from rocks falling in from the crater walls. This indicates that the lake water cation chemistry is not a direct reflection of the underlying magmatic-hydrothermal system and that its cation content is therefore not an appropriate monitor of changes in volcanic activity.
机译：印度尼西亚东爪哇省的Kawah Ijen火山口湖和Banyu Pahit河的高酸性盐水在其岩浆宿主岩中引起强烈的蚀变。这种改变是岩浆热液系统和相关的高硫化矿化环境中水岩相互作用的代理，以及这些系统如何将岩浆系统的变化转化为地表排放物，这些物质用于火山灾害监测。对经过改变和未改变的样品进行的详细的批量化学研究表明，这种改变的特征是所有主要和微量元素的浸出几乎完全，但Pb，Sn和Sb逐渐富集（Pb达到绝对富集的15倍）。校正稀释后，最终释放的元素与下游Banyu Pahit水成分的观察到的变化是互补的，表明这种变化会逐渐增加元素负荷。水化学变化的特征最好用新鲜岩石的完全改变而不是成熟的改变来解释，鉴于河床状态的改变，这是可以预期的。结合质量平衡考虑因素，这表明主要元素来源是从山谷侧面掉入河中的物质。火山口湖的化学特征与从热液系统中观察到的样品变化不一致，同样最好的解释是通过从火山口壁落下的岩石表面阳离子的表面输入。这表明湖水阳离子化学性质不是潜在岩浆热液系统的直接反映，因此其阳离子含量不是火山活动变化的合适监测器。

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