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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Fine ash content of explosive eruptions
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Fine ash content of explosive eruptions

机译：爆炸物的细灰分

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摘要

In explosive eruptions, the mass proportion of ash that is aerodynamically fine enough to cause problems with jet aircraft or human lungs (<30 to 60 μm in diameter) is in the range of a few percent to more than 50%. The proportions are higher for silicic explosive eruptions, probably because vesicle size in the pre-eruptive magma is smaller than those in mafic magmas. There is good evidence that pyroclastic flows produce high proportions of fine ash by communition and it is likely that this process also occurs inside volcanic conduits and would be most efficient when the magma fragmentation surface is well below the summit crater. Reconstructed total grain size distributions for several recent explosive eruptions indicate that basaltic eruptions have small proportions of very fine ash (-1 to 4%) while tephra generated during silicic eruptions contains large proportions (30 to >50%).
机译：在爆炸性喷发中，空气动力学上足以引起喷气飞机或人的肺部问题（直径<30至60μm）问题的粉煤灰质量比例在百分之几至超过50％的范围内。硅质爆发性火山爆发的比例更高，这可能是因为喷发前岩浆中的囊泡尺寸小于镁铁质岩浆中的囊泡尺寸。有充分的证据表明，火山碎屑流通过通信产生高比例的细灰分，很可能这一过程也发生在火山管道内，当岩浆碎裂表面远低于山顶火山口时将最有效。最近几次爆发性喷发的重建总晶粒度分布表明，玄武岩喷发的灰分极小（-1％至4％），而硅爆发期间产生的提菲拉则占很大比例（30％至> 50％）。

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  • 作者

    W.I. Rose; A.J. Durant;

  • 作者单位

    Geological Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;

    Geological Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Ml 49931, USA School of Geographical Sciences/Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, University of Cambridge, UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    volcanic ash; hazards; grain size;

    机译：火山灰;危害晶粒大小;

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