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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Nabukelevu volcano (Mt. Washington), Kadavu - a source of hitherto unknown volcanic hazard in Fiji
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Nabukelevu volcano (Mt. Washington), Kadavu - a source of hitherto unknown volcanic hazard in Fiji

机译：卡达武的纳布克勒武火山（华盛顿山）-斐济迄今未知的火山灾害源头

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Nabukelevu volcano (805 m) is a small (ca. 3.4 km~3) hornblende/biotite-andesite dome-breccia complex. It is the youngest in a Plio-Pleistocene series of volcanoes related to a presently inactive subduction zone in southern Fiji. We present new evidence of up to four Holocene eruption episodes from this volcano, with onshore evidence of the latest activity post-1686 +- 40 years BP, and offshore evidence of tephra falls between 2250 +- 70 and 780 +- 50 years BP. Scoriaceous pyroclastic flow deposits of one eruptive episode contain pottery fragments, presumably entrained from habitation areas during emplacement. Like many composite edifices in moist climates, Nabukelevu is prone to failure, the propensity in this case exacerbated by up to three edifice-cutting fault zones. The fault-induced weak and saturated zones have been the focus of repeated edifice failure through late Holocene debris avalanches of between 10-100 million m~3. Many of these avalanches entered the sea, and these or additional submarine failures of the lower island flanks have led to emplacement of at least one major late Holocene submarine mass-flow deposit with distinctive mineralogy in the Suva Basin to the north. Two of the debris avalanches dated at post-2350 +- 140 and post-1750 +- 60 years BP apparently inundated local habitation areas, and the deposits incorporate pottery and human remains. A widespread local legend describing catastrophic events on Nabukelevu corresponds in content with geologic findings to provide additional evidence of a late Holocene eruptive and debris avalanche disaster on Kadavu during the latter part of the last ca. 2000 years of human occupation, possibly as recent as between AD 1630 and 1680. The present hazardscape of the Nabukelevu area includes common landslides induced by frequent earthquake swarms and cyclones. Larger edifice failures, possibly related to volcanism or fault movement, have the potential to create local tsunami, which under favourable conditions could reach areas near Fiji's capital, Suva, 110 km to the north.
机译：纳布克勒夫火山（805 m）是一个小型（约3.4 km〜3）角闪石/黑云母-安山岩穹顶角砾岩复合体。它是与斐济南部目前不活跃的俯冲带有关的上新世-上新世系列火山中最年轻的一个。我们提供了该火山多达四次全新世喷发的新证据，陆上证据表明1686年±40年BP之后的最新活动，而近岸的特发拉证据则介于2250±70至780±50年BP之间。一次爆发的孢子状火山碎屑流沉积物含有陶器碎片，据推测是在安置期间从居住区夹带的。像潮湿气候中的许多综合性建筑物一样，纳布克勒夫（Nabukelevu）容易失效，这种情况下多达三个切割建筑物的断层带加剧了这一趋势。断层引起的薄弱和饱和区一直是通过晚新世碎屑雪崩（10-100百万m〜3之间）反复进行建筑物破坏的重点。这些雪崩中的许多雪崩进入海中，低岛侧面的这些或其他海底破坏导致北部苏瓦盆地中至少有一个主要的全新世海底海流物质沉积。 BP发生在2350 +-140年后和1750 +-60年后的两个碎片雪崩中，显然淹没了当地居民区，并且这些沉积物包含了陶器和人类遗骸。一个描述纳布克勒武（Nabukelevu）灾难性事件的当地传说，在内容上与地质发现相对应，以提供在最后一个ca后期后期在Kadavu上的全新世爆发和碎片雪崩灾难的进一步证据。已有2000年的人类占领历史，可能最早是在公元1630年至1680年之间。纳布克勒武（Nabukelevu）地区目前的危险景观包括频繁的地震群和旋风引起的常见滑坡。较大的建筑物故障，可能与火山爆发或断层运动有关，有可能造成局部海啸，在有利条件下，该海啸可能会到达斐济首都苏瓦附近以北110公里的地区。

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