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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research2012V243-244NOCT,15 >Diffuse CO2 flux emission in two maar crater lakes from Sao Miguel Island (Azores, Portugal)
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Diffuse CO2 flux emission in two maar crater lakes from Sao Miguel Island (Azores, Portugal)

机译：来自圣米格尔岛（葡萄牙亚速尔群岛）的两个大型火山口湖中的扩散CO2通量排放

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Santiago and Congro are two maar crater lakes, located at Sao Miguel, the largest island of the Azores archipelago. Santiago Lake is located on the Sete Cidades Volcano, at an altitude of 364 m, presenting a surface area of 0.25 km(2) and a maximum depth of 33 m. Congro Lake is located on the Congro Fissural Volcanic System, at an altitude of 420 m, and has a surface area of 0.04 km(2) and a maximum depth of 22 m. Both lakes are monomictic in character, with low mineralized waters of meteoric origin, being the temperature in the range between 12.4 degrees C (winter period) and 23.8 degrees C (summer period). The main water type is Na-HCO3, and the relative major-ion composition is HCO3- Cl- SO42- F- for anions and Na+ K+ Mg2+ Ca2+ for cations.Four sampling surveys were carried out between 2013 and 2016 in each lake in order to estimate surface diffuse CO2 degassing. A total of 1612 and 713 CO2 flux measurements were made with an accumulation chamber at Santiago and Congro lakes, respectively.The higher CO2 fluxes were measured during the winter surveys (0.2 t d(-1) in Congro and 5.6 t d(-1) in Santiago), while the lowest values (0.1 t d(-1) and 0.2 t d(-1), respectively, in Congro and Santiago lakes) were recorded in the summer. These seasonal differences observed in both lakes are associated with the monomictic character of the lakes, as the CO2 is not able to ascend to the surface when the water column is stratified during the warmer period. Due to the physical processes that occur in both lakes, the CO2 emission is mostly associated to a biogenic origin, but the higher CO2 emissions measured in Santiago Lake suggest that a volcanic influence cannot be excluded, as also shown through the heavier delta C-13 isotopic measured in this water body. The tectonic structures that cross Santiago Lake probably enable the observed degassing. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：圣地亚哥和孔格罗是两个玛尔火山口湖，位于亚速尔群岛最大的岛屿圣米格尔岛。圣地亚哥湖位于Sete Cidades火山上，海拔364 m，表面积为0.25 km（2），最大深度为33 m。康格罗湖位于康格罗裂谷火山系统上，海拔420 m，表面积为0.04 km（2），最大深度为22 m。这两个湖泊的特征都是单一性的，其矿物水含量较低，属于陨石成因，温度在12.4摄氏度（冬季）至23.8摄氏度（夏季）之间。主要水类型为Na-HCO3，相对主要离子组成为阴离子的HCO3-> Cl-> SO42-> F-，阳离子的Na +> K +> Mg2 +> Ca2 + .2013年至2006年进行了四次抽样调查。 2016年在每个湖泊中进行估算，以估算表面扩散的CO2脱气。在圣地亚哥湖和康格罗湖分别使用蓄积室进行了总共1612次和713次CO2流量测量。冬季调查期间，较高的CO2通量被测量到（康格罗为0.2 td（-1），墨西哥为5.6 td（-1）。圣地亚哥），而最低值（分别在刚果和圣地亚哥湖中分别为0.1 td（-1）和0.2 td（-1））记录在夏季。在两个湖泊中观察到的这些季节差异与湖泊的单一性特征有关，因为在较暖的时期将水柱分层时，CO2不能上升到地表。由于两个湖泊中都发生物理过程，因此二氧化碳排放主要与生物成因有关，但是圣地亚哥湖中测得的较高二氧化碳排放表明，不能排除火山影响，这也通过较重的三角洲C-13得以证明。在该水体中测量的同位素。穿越圣地亚哥湖的构造结构可能使观察到的脱气成为可能。 （C）2018 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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