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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >First gas and thermal measurements at the frequently erupting Gamalama volcano (Indonesia) reveal a hydrothermally dominated magmatic system
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First gas and thermal measurements at the frequently erupting Gamalama volcano (Indonesia) reveal a hydrothermally dominated magmatic system

机译：在经常爆发的Gamalama火山（印度尼西亚）的首批气体和热测量显示了一种热热主导的岩浆系统

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The first gas and thermal measurements at the summit of the Gamalama volcano indicate that the system is dominated by hydrothermal processes. This is highlighted by the prevalence of H2S over SO2 (H2S/SO2 = 2-8), a high CO2/SO2 ratio (76-201), and a low heat transfer (3.0 MW) to the surface. A relative variation in gas composition is observed along the degassing fracture zone, possibly due to partial S scrubbing. Despite this surface hydrothermal signature, the system exhibits high gas equilibrium temperatures (425-480 degrees C), indicating that fluids are not exclusively derived from a boiling hydrothermal aquifer, but also sourced by cooling and crystallizing basaltic magma at deep that continues to inject magmatic fluids into the system. This hydrothermally dominated activity on Gamalama possibly persisted over the last two decades, during which a high number of eruptive events were witnessed. The period coincides with the opening of large fractures at the summit that subsequently shifted the volcanic activity from the crater center to the peripheral fractures zones. These fractures that possibly developed in response to the regional geodynamics, have weakened the hydrothermal seal, allowing the pressure developed by the hydrothermal-magmatic system and promoted by the high annual rainfall, to rapidly exceeds the tensile strength of the seal leading to the numerous phreatic eruptions. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：Gamalama Volcano峰会的第一种气体和热测量表明该系统由水热过程主导。通过SO2（H2S / SO2 = 2-8），高CO 2 / SO2比（76-201）和表面的低传热（3.0mW），这是突出的。沿着脱气骨折区域观察气体组合物的相对变化，可能是由于部分S擦洗。尽管这种表面水热签名，但系统表现出高的气体平衡温度（425-480℃），表明流体不完全来自沸腾的热热含水层，而且还通过冷却和结晶玄武岩岩浆来源于深入注入岩浆流体进入系统。在过去二十年中，Gamalama的热门主导的活动可能持续存在，在此期间有大量的爆发事件。该时期随着大纲的大骨折的开口与随后将火山活性从火山口转移到外周骨折区域。这些骨折可能产生的响应区域地基测量，已经削弱了水热封，从而允许水热 - 岩浆系统产生的压力并通过高年度降雨促进，迅速超过导致众多潜水的密封的拉伸强度爆发。 （c）2020 Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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