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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Reconstructing fallout features and dispersal of Cretaio Tephra (Ischia Island, Italy) through field data analysis and numerical modelling: Implications for hazard assessment
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Reconstructing fallout features and dispersal of Cretaio Tephra (Ischia Island, Italy) through field data analysis and numerical modelling: Implications for hazard assessment

机译：通过现场数据分析和数值建模重建克里特省Tephra（Ischia Island，Isyalia）的退出特征和分散：对危险评估的影响

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摘要

The magnitude and intensity of the 60 CE Cretaio Tephra, the largest historical explosive eruption at Ischia caldera (Italy), was studied integrating field data and numerical modelling in order to reconstruct the dispersal of the fallout related to the climax phase of the eruption and characterize its physical parameters.A field survey of the main fall unit (EUC) of Cretaio Tephra and its sampling was performed on the island, which is the proximal area of dispersal, and for the first time outcrops of this tephra were found southward on the Capri Island. The dataset is completed by a distal tephra sampled in the offshore and described in the literature, allowing the analysis of samples of intermediate and distal deposits. Grain size analysis of the samples collected on the island show bimodal distributions due to the presence of a ballistic component, especially in the most proximal sampling sites around the inferred and buried vent. Tails of fine ash in the distributions can be associated with settling enhanced by ash aggregation processes in the moisture-rich plume. Tephra dispersal was reconstructed using the HAZMAP tephra dispersal model by minimizing the difference between the simulations obtained exploring plausible ranges of eruption source parameters and the available thickness and grain-size measurements. Results show that the dispersal axis of EUC is to the south-southeast, the best guess for the total erupted volume of tephra is 0.075 km(3), the plume height ranges between 5 and 13 km, for an average mass eruption rate (MER) of 105 kg/s, hence a duration of the eruption of a few days. Considering an eruptive scenario given by the eruption parameters and diffusion coefficient of the Cretaio Tephra, together with a statistical set of wind profiles, HAZMAP modelling allowed us to generate tephra loading probability maps, needed to assess the impact of such an eruption at Ischia Island and the Neapolitan metropolitan area, pivotal for civil protection purposes.Another important outcome of the study is that, for volcanic islands, the reconstruction of eruption parameters may benefit much more from the search of even few medial and distal offshore outcrops than from implementing the on-island proximal dataset only. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：大小和60 CE Cretaio火山灰，最大历史爆炸性喷发在伊斯火山口（意大利）的强度，进行了研究，以便重构相关的喷发和表征高潮相位的后果的分散积分场数据和数值模拟物在岛上，这是分散的近侧区域进行Cretaio火山灰及抽样的主秋天单元（EUC）的它的物理parameters.A实地调查，以及用于此的火山灰首次露头发现向南在卡普里岛。数据集是通过在近海采样的远端火山灰完成，并在文献中描述，允许中间和远端沉积物的样品的分析。收集岛上样品的粒度分析显示，由于弹道成分的存在双峰分布，尤其是在周围的推断，埋葬通风口最接近的采样点。在分布的细灰尾巴可以通过在富含水分的羽状火山灰聚集过程沉降增强有关。火山灰分散物通过最小化得到的探索喷发源参数和可用的厚度和晶粒尺寸测量似是而非范围的模拟之间的差使用HAZMAP火山灰扩散模型重建。结果表明，EUC的分散轴以南东南，总的最佳猜测爆发火山灰的体积为0.075公里（3），5和13公里之间的羽流高度范围内，对平均质量喷发率（MER ）105千克/秒，因此具有几天的喷发的持续时间。有统计组的风廓线考虑由Cretaio火山灰喷发参数和扩散系数给出的喷发情景，一起HAZMAP造型使我们能够产生的火山碎屑装载概率图，以评估这种爆发在伊斯基亚岛的影响，需要和那不勒斯大都市区，关键在学习的民事保护purposes.Another重要成果是，对于火山岛，喷发参数重建可能更从搜索甚至几个中间和远端离岸露头比实现导通受益唯一的海岛近的数据集。 （c）2021 Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》 |2021年第7期|107248.1-107248.17|共17页
  • 作者

    Primerano Paolo; Giordano Guido; Costa Antonio; Vita Sandro de; Vito Mauro Antonio Di;

  • 作者单位

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol Osservatorio Vesuviano Via Diocleziano 328 I-80124 Naples Italy;

    Univ Roma Tre Dipartimento Sci Lgo San Leonardo Murialdo 1 I-00146 Rome Italy;

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol Via Donato Creti 12 I-40126 Bologna Italy;

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol Osservatorio Vesuviano Via Diocleziano 328 I-80124 Naples Italy;

    Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol Osservatorio Vesuviano Via Diocleziano 328 I-80124 Naples Italy;

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