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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of water resource and protection >Temporal and Spatial Seasonal Variations in Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda
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Temporal and Spatial Seasonal Variations in Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda

机译：乌干达喀布拉区喀布拉分区重力流水质量的时间和空间季节变化

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摘要

The study was designed to investigate temporal and spatial seasonal variations in quality properties of gravity flow water samples collected from Kigata, Ka-curo, Kihanga, Kitibya and Kanjobe located in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda. Physical, chemical and biological parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, turbidity, colour and total suspended solids, total hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, fluoride, nitrates-N, nitrites-N, ammonium-N, sulphates, total phosphate, sodium, calcium, magnesium and some heavy metals were analyzed. Total iron, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese and cadmium were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Two of the basic biological parameters for drinking water such as faecal coliforms and salmonella were analyzed by incubation followed by counting colony forming units (CFUs). Statistical presentations of data including cluster analysis, dendrograms and principal component analysis were used with the assistance of PAST software. Temperature, pH, TDS dissolved oxygen, cations, anions (chemical parameters) and salmonella, faecal coliforms were the major contributing parameters to gravity flow water's quality variations during both seasons. Values of pH ranged between 3.78 and 4.84 from March to August in all study sites and they were consistently below the WHO permissible pH range of 6.5 - 8.5. Total suspended solids ranged between 0.66 and 2.17 mg·L~(-1) and were above the recommended WHO limit of zero value in all study sites. Salmonella and faecal coliforms colonies were present in scaring numbers in the wet season. In March, salmonella counts at Kacuro (14 CFU) and Kanjobe (128 CFU) while faecal coliforms counts at Kacuro (515 CFU) and Kanjobe (228 CFU). The findings of this study call for special attention when using gravity flow water.
机译：该研究旨在调查从基塔塔，Ka-Curo，Kihanga，Kitibya和Kanjobe，位于乌干达的Kigata，Ka-Curo，Kihanga，Kitibya和Kanjobe的重力流水样本质量特性的季节性和空间季节性变化。物理，化学和生物学参数，如pH，温度，溶解氧，总溶解固体，电导率，浊度，颜色和总悬浮的固体，总硬度，总碱度，氯化物，氟化物，硝酸盐-N，硝酸盐-N，铵 - 分析N，硫酸盐，总磷酸盐，钠，钙，镁和一些重金属。通过原子吸收光谱法分析总铁，铅，铬，铜，锌，锰和镉。通过孵育分析含有粪便大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌等饮用水的两种基本生物参数，然后计算菌落形成单元（CFU）。在过去的软件的帮助下使用包括集群分析，树木图和主成分分析的数据的统计演示。温度，pH，TDS溶解氧，阳离子，阴离子（化学参数）和沙门氏菌，粪便大肠杆菌在两个季节期间的重力流水质量变化的主要贡献参数。所有研究网站的3月至8月的pH值范围从3月到8月之间，它们始终低于6.5 - 8.5的世卫组织允许的pH范围。总悬浮固体范围为0.66和2.17mg·l〜（-1），高于推荐的谁在所有研究网站中限制零价值。沙门氏菌和粪便大肠杆菌在潮湿的季节存在于令人害怕的数字中。 3月，沙门氏菌（14 CFU）和Kanjobe（128 CFU）计数，而粪便大肠杆菌在kacuro（515 CFU）和Kanjobe（228 CFU）中计数。使用重力流水时，这项研究调查了特别注意。

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