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Beware of the hierarchy - An analysis of ontology evolution and the materialisation impact for biomedical ontologies

机译：谨防层次结构 - 对生物医学本体的本体演变和实质性影响分析

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摘要

Ontologies are becoming a key component of numerous applications and research fields. But knowledge captured within ontologies is not static. Some ontology updates potentially have a wide ranging impact; others only affect very localised parts of the ontology and their applications. Investigating the impact of the evolution gives us insight into the editing behaviour but also signals ontology engineers and users how the ontology evolution is affecting other applications. However, such research is in its infancy. Hence, we need to investigate the evolution itself and its impact on the simplest of applications: the materialisation. In this work, we define impact measures that capture the effect of changes on the materialisation. In the future, the impact measures introduced in this work can be used to investigate how aware the ontology editors are about consequences of changes. By introducing five different measures, which focus either on the change in the materialisation with respect to the size or on the number of changes applied, we are able to quantify the consequences of ontology changes. To see these measures in action, we investigate the evolution and its impact on materialisation for nine open biomedical ontologies, most of which adhere to the EL++ description logic. Our results show that these ontologies evolve at varying paces but no statistically significant difference between the ontologies with respect to their evolution could be identified. We identify three types of ontologies based on the types of complex changes which are applied to them throughout their evolution. The impact on the materialisation is the same for the investigated ontologies, bringing us to the conclusion that the effect of changes on the materialisation can be generalised to other similar ontologies. Further, we found that the materialised concept inclusion axioms experience most of the impact induced by changes to the class inheritance of the ontology and other changes only marginally touch the materialisation.
机译：本体正在成为众多应用和研究领域的关键组成部分。但是在本体中捕获的知识并不静态。一些本体更新可能具有广泛的影响;其他人只影响本体和他们的应用的非常本地化的部分。调查进化的影响使我们能够深入了解编辑行为，而且还发出了本体工程师和用户本体演变如何影响其他应用程序。然而，这种研究是在其初期的阶段。因此，我们需要调查进化本身及其对最简单应用的影响：落体。在这项工作中，我们定义了捕捉变化对实质性影响的影响措施。将来，本工作中引入的影响措施可用于调查本体编辑的方法如何了解变化的后果。通过引入五种不同的措施，重点关注对尺寸或应用的变化数量的更改，我们能够量化本体变化的后果。要查看这些措施，我们调查了对九个开放生物医学本体的实质化的进化及其影响，其中大部分是遵守EL ++描述逻辑。我们的研究结果表明，这些本体在不同的步伐中发展，但可以识别出于它们的进化之间的本体之间没有统计学上的差异。我们根据在整个演变中应用于它们的复杂变化类型，确定三种本体论。对研究的本体主义的影响是相同的，因为所研究的本体中的结论是结论，即对实质化的变化的影响可以推广到其他类似的本体中。此外，我们发现，物化的概念包涵体结构经历了对本体和其他变化的阶级继承的变化引起的大部分影响，只有边际触摸了落极。

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