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首页> 外文期刊>JSAH: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians >Vandalism and Resistance in Republican Rome
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Vandalism and Resistance in Republican Rome

机译：共和党罗马的破坏与抵抗

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In 122 BCE, Roman officials erected seating in the Forum to accommodate paying spectators at the upcoming gladiatorial games (Figure 1). One of the people's tribunes, Gaius Sempronius Gracchus, then ordered the seats removed so that the poor, too, could watch the show. To quote Plutarch, a Greek biographer of the imperial period: Since no one paid any attention to his command, he waited till the night before the spectacle, and then, taking all the workmen whom he had under his orders in public contracts, he pulled down the seats, and when day came he had the place all clear for the people. For this proceeding the populace thought him a man, but his colleagues were annoyed and thought him reckless and violent. This is one of a set of episodes recounted by ancient authors involving late Republican acts of violence against built structures, temporary and permanent (Figure 2). These acts have been discussed, along with other forms of violence (such as rioting and bodily assault), by modern political historians such as Wilfried Nippel and Andrew Lintott, but they have never, to my knowledge, been addressed in histories of Roman architecture.3 In assessing the destruction of buildings during the Kosovo conflict of 1998-99, architectural historian Andrew Herscher suggests a reason for this: although violence has entered artistic and architectural discourse as a resource for cultural production, especially in the early twentieth-century avant-garde, destruction usually displaces architecture from the architectural discourse, if not the domain of "culture" more generally, and positions it in the domain of "violence," and so, in typical formulations, in radically different disciplinary sites and episte-mological frameworks. The underlying assumption, characteristic in humanist discourse, is that "culture" and "violence" stand in unmediated opposition to one another.
机译：122 BCE，罗马官员在论坛中竖立了座位，以适应即将到来的争吵游戏（图1）。其中一位人民的牧师Gaius sempronius gracchus，然后命令座位去掉，使穷人也可以看秀。为了引用Plutarch，帝国时期的希腊语传记：因为没有人对他的命令进行任何关注，他在奇观前一天晚上等待，然后，采取他在公共合同下的命令下的所有工作人员，他拉了沿着座位，当天来的时候，他对人民来说都很清楚。为了这一民众来说，民众认为他是一个男人，但他的同事很生气，并认为他鲁莽和暴力。这是古代作者叙述的一系列剧集之一，涉及迟到的共和党暴力对建筑结构，临时和永久性的行为（图2）。已经讨论了这些行为，以及其他形式的暴力（如骚乱和身体攻击），由Wilfried Nippel和Andrew Lintott等现代政治历史学家，但他们从未涉及我的知识，在罗马建筑的历史上得到了解决。 3在评估1998 - 99年的科索沃冲突期间建筑物的破坏，建筑历史学家安德鲁·赫克瑟表示：虽然暴力进入艺术和建筑话语作为文化生产的资源，但特别是在二十世纪初期的前期Garde，毁灭通常从架构话语中取代架构，如果不是“文化”的领域更普遍，并将其定位在“暴力”，等领域，在典型的配方中，在典型的纪律场地和电子学科框架中。人文话语中的潜在的假设，特征是“文化”和“暴力”在彼此不相关的反对中。

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