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首页> 外文期刊>JSAH: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians >From House to Home: Social Control and Emancipation in Portuguese Public Housing, 1926-76
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From House to Home: Social Control and Emancipation in Portuguese Public Housing, 1926-76

机译：从房子到家庭：1926-76葡萄牙公共住房的社会控制和解放

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The housing policies implemented by Salazar's regime between 1933 and the late 1950s, when Portugal's industrialization gained momentum, were directed mostly toward the middle class. The urban poor were largely left out of the system, while middle-class homeownership was promoted and commodified. Housing was an asset, central to the aspirations of all middle-class families, who constituted the segment of society that most actively supported the regime. Such housing was, however, out of reach for low-income families. During Marcelo Caetano's time in power, the creation of a central agency for housing, FFH, and the integrated plans began to address the problems of housing for the "great number," but these efforts were frustrated by the political challenges and economic hardships resulting from Portugal's war in Africa. Finally, with the democratic revolution of 1974, things began to change. After almost five decades of government restrictions on workers' organizations and other forms of political association, independent workers' and residents' committees suddenly emerged throughout the country.86 The commodification of housing that prevailed during the dictatorship was challenged. Housing became a right rather than an asset, and the emancipatory goals of the urban poor briefly gained traction. For many lower-income residents of Portuguese cities, the possibility of building a home became a reality.
机译：Salazar制度在1933年和20世纪50年代后期实施的住房政策，当葡萄牙的工业化获得势头时，主要针对中产阶级。城市贫民在很大程度上遗漏了该系统，而中产阶级的房屋世界被推广和商品化。住房是一项资产，符合所有中产阶级家庭的愿望，他们构成了最受欢迎的社会部分，最积极支持政权。然而，这种住房是低收入家庭的影响。在Marcelo Caetano的权力时期，建立一个住房，FFH和综合计划的核心机构，开始解决住房的问题，因为这些努力因由此产生的政治挑战和经济困难而感到沮丧葡萄牙在非洲的战争。最后，随着1974年的民主革命，事情开始改变。经过近五十年的政府对工人组织和其他形式的政治协会的限制，独立工人和居民委员会突然出现在全国各地.86房屋的商品在独裁者期间普遍受到挑战。住房成为一个正确而不是资产，城市贫困人口的解放目标短暂地获得了牵引力。对于葡萄牙城市的许多低收入居民，建造房屋的可能性成为现实。

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