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A conceptual model of micro inertial sensor mimicking amplifying mechanism of the hair cells

机译：模仿毛细胞放大机制的微惯性传感器的概念模型

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The inner ear hair cells, the receptors sensing mechanical stimuli such as acoustic vibration and acceleration, achieve remarkably high sensitivity to miniscule stimuli by selectively amplifying small inputs. The gating springs hypothesis proposes that a phenomenon called negative stiffness is responsible for the nonlinear sensitivity. According to the hypothesis, the bundle becomes more sensitive in certain region as its stiffness changes due to the opening or closing of transduction channels, which in turn exert force in the same direction of the bundle's displacement. In this study, we developed a conceptual model of an inertial sensor inspired by the inner ear hair cells, focusing on the hair cell's amplifying mechanism known as negative stiffness. The negative stiffness was applied to a simple mass-spring-damper system with nonlinear spring derived from gating springs hypothesis. Sinusoidal stimuli of 0.1Hz～10Hz with magnitude of 1pN to 1000pN were applied to the system to match the dynamic range of vestibular organs. Simulation on this nonlinear model was performed on MATLAB, and power transfers and sensitivities in both transient and steady states were obtained and compared with those from the system with linear spring. Parameters were chosen in relation to those of the hair bundle to reproduce operating conditions of both the hair cells and micro inertial sensors. The suggested model displayed compressive nonlinear sensitivity resulting from selective amplification of smaller stimuli despite the energy loss due to large viscous damping typical in micro systems.
机译：内耳毛细胞是感知机械刺激（如声音振动和加速度）的受体，它通过选择性地放大小输入信号，对微小刺激具有非常高的灵敏度。门弹簧假设​​提出了一种称为负刚度的现象是造成非线性灵敏度的原因。根据该假设，当束的刚度由于换能通道的打开或关闭而改变其刚度时，束在某些区域变得更加敏感，这又在束的位移的相同方向上施加力。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个受内耳毛细胞启发的惯性传感器的概念模型，重点研究了毛细胞的负负刚度放大机制。负刚度应用于带有门弹簧假设​​的非线性弹簧的简单质量弹簧阻尼器系统。系统采用0.1Hz〜10Hz正弦波刺激，幅度为1pN至1000pN，以匹配前庭器官的动态范围。在MATLAB上对该非线性模型进行了仿真，获得了瞬态和稳态下的功率传递和灵敏度，并将其与线性弹簧系统的功率传递和灵敏度进行了比较。选择与发束有关的参数，以重现毛细胞和微惯性传感器的工作条件。尽管由于微型系统中典型的大粘性阻尼而导致能量损失，但建议的模型仍显示出由较小的刺激选择性放大导致的压缩非线性灵敏度。

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