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Influence of hydrology on water quality and trophic state of irrigation reservoirs in Sri Lanka

机译：水文对斯里兰卡灌溉水库水质和营养状态的影响

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摘要

Many reservoirs provide multiple benefits to people around the world, in additionto primary uses such as irrigation. Thus, reservoir management should address theirmultiple uses. The water quality of ten irrigation reservoirs in Sri Lanka was examinedin the present study with the objective of better understanding the effects ofhydrological regimes on reservoir water quality and trophic state. Basic limnologicalparameters pertinent to the nutrient loads to, and trophic state of, the reservoirswere collected from June 2013 to February 2016. The sampling period was arbitrarilydivided into two periods of approximately similar duration (period 1 = June 2013–September 2014; period 2 = October 2014–February 2016) to investigate whether ornot there was a seasonal variation in the water quality parameters. Although temporaland spatial variations were observed, most water quality parameters were within thelevels acceptable for drinking water standards. The 10 reservoirs were also ordinatedby principal component analysis (PCA) on the basis of the water quality parametersof the two sampling periods in a two‐dimensional score plot. Reservoirs in the firstprincipal component (PC1) axis were represented by negative scores attributable tothe dissolved oxygen concentration and pH and, to a lesser extent, by electrical conductivityand chlorophyll‐a concentration. Positive scores in PC1 were represented byreservoirs with a score loading attributable to alkalinity, nitrate concentration, Secchidepth, temperature and seston weight and, to a lesser extent, from the total phosphorusconcentration. There was a significant negative correlation of PC1 scores withrelative reservoir water‐level fluctuation (RRLF; the ratio of mean reservoir waterlevelamplitude to mean reservoir depth). Furthermore, Carlson's trophic index alsowere influenced by RRLF, although not by hydraulic retention time (HRT), indicatingallochthonous nutrient inputs into the irrigation reservoirs were mainly governed byRRLF, but not by HRT. Thus, the results of the present study provide useful insightsinto achieving desirable reservoir water quality through the manipulation of the hydrologicalregime.
机译：除了灌溉等主要用途外，许多水库还为世界各地的人们带来多种好处。因此，水库管理应解决其多种用途。为了更好地了解水文状况对水库水质和营养状态的影响，本研究对斯里兰卡十个灌溉水库的水质进行了研究。从2013年6月至2016年2月收集了与储层营养负荷和营养状态有关的基本岩相学参数。采样期被任意分为两个近似持续时间的时期（时期1 = 2013年6月至2014年9月；时期2 =十月） 2014年– 2016年2月）调查水质参数是否存在季节性变化。尽管观察到了时间和空间变化，但是大多数水质参数都在饮用水标准可接受的水平之内。还基于二维得分图中两个采样期的水质参数，通过主成分分析（PCA）对10个水库进行了协调。第一主要成分（PC1）轴中的储层由溶解氧浓度和pH的负值表示，在较小程度上由电导率和叶绿素a浓度表示。 PC1的阳性评分由储层表示，其评分负荷可归因于碱度，硝酸盐浓度，Secchidepth，温度和活塞重量，以及较小程度的总磷浓度。 PC1分数与相对储层水位波动（RRLF；平均储层水位振幅与平均储层深度之比）呈显着负相关。此外，卡尔森的营养指数也受RRLF的影响，尽管不受水力停留时间（HRT）的影响，这表明灌溉水库中分配的大量营养素主要受RRLF的控制，而不受HRT的控制。因此，本研究的结果为通过控制水文状况达到理想的水库水质提供了有用的见识。

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