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首页> 外文期刊>Lakes & Reservoirs >Trends in health risks from water-related diseases and cyanotoxins in Ugandan portion of Lake Victoria basin
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Trends in health risks from water-related diseases and cyanotoxins in Ugandan portion of Lake Victoria basin

机译：维多利亚湖盆地乌干达地区与水有关的疾病和氰毒素引起的健康风险趋势

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Studies to examine the prevalence of water-related diseases, cyanobacteria toxins and other health risks at landing beaches in the Ugandan portion of the Lake Victoria basin were carried out. Based on surveillance studies and other data sources in the region, water samples were analysed for indications of faecal contamination. The coltiform numbers were generally high for most sampling sites, indicating significant water contamination. The wet seasons exhibited significantly higher coliform counts than the dry seasons for all lakeshore sample sites. This seasonal variation in coliform counts correlated positively with the incidence of waterborne diseases, which are typically higher in the wet season. The water supply for domestic consumption for the Lake Victoria riparian communities is mainly the lake itself. The most prevalent diseases associated with the landing sites include malaria, dysentery, diarrhoea and bilharzia. Malaria was most prevalent, followed by dysentery, in all the studied districts. Many people in the catchment dispose of faecal wastes in lakeshore area bushes, or in polythene bags, contaminating water sources with faecal material, and resulting in waterborne diseases. The vulnerability of lakeside communities to water-related diseases is further aggravated by low accessibility to health facilities and personnel. Further, cyanobacteria (potentially toxic to humans and animals) dominate other algal species in Lake Victoria, contributing >50% of the algal biomass. Algal blooms occurred frequently in Murchison Bay, a source of drinking water for the city of Kampala and surrounding urban centres. Algal blooms can cause unpleasant odours and tastes in domestic water supplies, clog pump and machinery filters, increase chlorine demands for water disinfection, and necessitate more complex and expensive treatment processes. The findings of this study suggest improved water quality, changes in sanitation and hygiene behaviour could significantly reduce the prevalence of water-related diseases and cyanotoxins in the Ugandan portion of the Lake Victoria basin.
机译：进行了研究，以检查维多利亚湖盆地乌干达部分登陆海滩上与水有关的疾病，蓝细菌毒素和其他健康风险的普遍性。根据该地区的监测研究和其他数据来源，对水样进行了分析以了解粪便污染的迹象。在大多数采样点，胶体状菌的数量通常较高，表明水污染严重。在所有湖岸样本点，雨季的大肠菌群数均比旱季高。大肠菌数量的季节性变化与水传播疾病的发病率呈正相关，水传播疾病的发生率通常在雨季较高。维多利亚湖沿岸社区的生活用水主要是湖泊本身。与着陆点有关的最流行的疾病包括疟疾，痢疾，腹泻和比尔兹菌病。在所有研究地区中，疟疾最为普遍，其次是痢疾。流域中的许多人将粪便丢弃在湖岸地区的灌木丛中或聚乙烯袋中，使粪便污染了水源，并导致了水源性疾病。由于缺乏卫生设施和人员，湖滨社区对与水有关疾病的脆弱性进一步加剧。此外，蓝藻细菌（可能对人和动物有毒）在维多利亚湖中主导着其他藻类，占藻类生物量的50％以上。在默奇森湾（Murchison Bay）经常发生藻华，这是坎帕拉市及周边城市中心的饮用水来源。藻华会在家庭供水，阻塞泵和机械过滤器中引起难闻的气味和味道，增加对水消毒的氯含量，并需要更复杂，更昂贵的处理工艺。这项研究的结果表明，改善水质，改变卫生条件和卫生行为可以大大减少维多利亚湖盆地乌干达地区与水有关的疾病和氰毒素的流行。

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