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Physicochemical characteristics of Lake IRAD, an artificial lake in Wakwa region, Cameroon

机译：喀麦隆瓦瓦地区的人工湖IRAD湖的理化特性

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摘要

Wakwa is a region in north Cameroon characterized by intensive cattle production. This study evaluated the physico-chemical characteristics of the waters in Lake IRAD, located near Wakwa, which is the main water source for cattle grazing in this area. Water samples were collected at four sampling sites during the rainy and dry seasons (April, July, October and February). The chemical composition of the water samples was analysed for various constituents, including nitrate (NO_3~-), chloride (Cl~-), phosphate (PO_4(-3)), bicarbonate (HCO_3~-), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), aluminium (AT), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), ammonia-nitrogen (NH_4-N) and organic matter (OM). The mineral composition varied significantly (P < 0.05) with the sampling period. High concentrations of zinc (0.96 mg L~(-1)) and dissolved iron (1.23 mg L~(-1)) were observed during the dry season. Total iron (3.25 mg L~(-1)), OM (15.4 mg of O_2 L~(-1)), nitrate (28.82 mg L~(-1)) and NH_4-N (1.05 mg L~(-1)) concentrations were highest during the rainy season. The iron, OM and NH_4-N concentrations were higher than the USEPA-recommended values (0.2 mg L~(-1), 4 mg of O_2 L~(-1) and 0.5 mg L~(-1), respectively). The phosphate, copper, nickel and cadmium concentrations, considered as the polluting substances, were present in negligible concentrations, being below the detection limits of the analytical techniques used to measure them. The high iron, OM and nitrogen concentrations were attributed to water-leached soil run-off, as well as the activity of animals in the lake. Sampling sites 1 and 2, which were used mostly by cattle, were observed to have the highest concentrations of NH_4-N, compared with sites 3 and S (exit point). It will be necessary to delimit cattle access points to the lake to reduce this type of contamination of drinking water.
机译：瓦卡瓦（Wakwa）是喀麦隆北部的一个地区，以集约化养牛为特色。这项研究评估了位于Wakwa附近的IRAD湖中水的理化特性，该湖是该地区放牧牛的主要水源。在雨季和旱季（4月，7月，10月和2月）的四个采样点收集了水样。分析了水样品的化学成分，包括硝酸盐（NO_3〜-），氯化物（Cl〜-），磷酸盐（PO_4（-3）），碳酸氢盐（HCO_3〜-），钙（Ca），镁（镁），锰（Mn），铝（AT），锌（Zn），铜（Cu），铁（Fe），镍（Ni），镉（Cd），氨氮（NH_4-N）和有机物（OM）。矿物质组成随采样周期变化显着（P <0.05）。干旱季节观测到高浓度的锌（0.96 mg L〜（-1））和溶解的铁（1.23 mg L〜（-1））。总铁（3.25 mg L〜（-1）），OM（15.4 mg O_2 L〜（-1）），硝酸盐（28.82 mg L〜（-1））和NH_4-N（1.05 mg L〜（-1） ））浓度在雨季最高。铁，OM和NH_4-N的浓度高于USEPA推荐的浓度（分别为0.2 mg L〜（-1），4 mg O_2 L〜（-1）和0.5 mg L〜（-1））。磷酸盐，铜，镍和镉的浓度被认为是污染物质，其浓度可以忽略不计，低于用于测量它们的分析技术的检测极限。铁，OM和氮的高浓度归因于水浸出的土壤径流以及湖中动物的活动。与站点3和S（出口点）相比，观察到的采样点1和2（主要由牛使用）的NH_4-N浓度最高。必须划定通往湖的牲口的入口，以减少这种饮用水的污染。

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  • 来源
    《Lakes & Reservoirs》 |2009年第3期|259-268|共10页
  • 作者

    W.M.L. Fezeu; M.B. Ngassoum; E. Montarges-Pelletier; G. Echevarria; C.M.F. Mbofung;

  • 作者单位

    National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, Ngaoundere University, Ngaoundere, Cameroon Belisle Laboratory, 100 Fisher, Mont-St-Hilaire (Quebec), Canada;

    National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, Ngaoundere University, Ngaoundere, Cameroon;

    Laboratoire Environnement et Mineralurgie, CNRS-Nancy University, 15 avenue du Charmois, 54500 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France;

    Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Sciences (LSE), E.N.S.A.I.A. - INPL, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France;

    National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, Ngaoundere University, Ngaoundere, Cameroon;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    agricultural activities; lake; livestock husbandry; minerals;

    机译：农业活动;湖;畜牧业矿物质;

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