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Phosphorus and nitrogen in the waters of the El-Kabir River watershed in Syria and Lebanon

机译：叙利亚和黎巴嫩的卡比尔河分水岭中的磷和氮

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摘要

In order to assess the quality of the waters of the El-Kabir River, which forms the border between Lebanon and Syria, water samples were collected for phosphorus (P) and nitrogen analyses at 39 sample stations in the river watershed (18 in Syria, 21 in Lebanon). These samples were collected on the main stem and three major tributaries (Nahr al-Arous and Nahr Nasrive in Syria, Chadra River in Lebanon). Three major springs also were sampled. The sampling was carried out in September 2001, and January, April and August 2002. Nutrient analyses were carried out on samples taken in September 2001, January and April 2002 in Syria, and in September 2001 and August 2002 in Lebanon. The P concentrations were extremely high throughout the watershed, as were the ammonia-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen concentrations, indicating extensive pollution. Although the nitrite-nitrogen concentration was relatively low, it is at the upper end of what might be considered normal, thereby perhaps being indicative of some anthropogenic sources. The spring waters were found to be polluted by nutrients. The nutrient sources contributing to the river pollution were mainly from piped, direct sewage discharges from the many settlements throughout the basin. These were supplemented by diffuse sources directly from agricultural fertilizer use and from the indiscriminate disposal of solid wastes into the river and on the stream banks and lands adjacent to the roads of the watershed.
机译：为了评估形成黎巴嫩与叙利亚之间边界的El-Kabir河的水质，在该流域的39个采样站（叙利亚的18个， 21（黎巴嫩）。这些样品是在主要支流和三个主要支流（叙利亚的Nahr al-Arous和Nahr Nasrive，黎巴嫩的查德拉河）上采集的。还采样了三个主要温泉。在2001年9月以及2002年1月，4月和2002年8月进行了采样。对2001年9月，2002年1月和2002年4月在叙利亚以及2001年9月和2002年8月在黎巴嫩进行的样品进行了营养分析。在整个流域中，磷的浓度非常高，氨氮和硝酸盐氮的浓度也很高，表明污染严重。尽管亚硝酸盐氮的浓度相对较低，但处于正常水平的上限，因此可能表明某些人为来源。发现泉水被养分污染。造成河流污染的营养源主要来自整个流域许多定居点的管道直接排污。这些直接由农用化肥的使用以及来自乱糟糟的固体废物向河流，河岸和与分水岭道路相邻的土地上的不加选择地处置的来源补充。

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