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首页> 外文期刊>Lakes & Reservoirs >Dioxin-like and non-dioxin like effects of polychlorinated biphenyls: Implications for risk assessment
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Dioxin-like and non-dioxin like effects of polychlorinated biphenyls: Implications for risk assessment

机译：多氯联苯的二恶英类和非二恶英类效应：风险评估的意义

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摘要

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic contaminants in the environment. Individual PCB congeners exhibit different physicochemical properties and biological activities that result in different environmental distributions and toxicity profiles. The variable composition of PCB residues in environmental matrices and their different mechanisms of toxicity complicate the development of scientifically based regulations for risk assessment. Various approaches for the assessment of risks of PCBs have been critically examined. Recent developments in the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) approach for the assessment of toxic effects due to dioxin-like PCBs have been examined. The PCB exposure studies that describe non-dioxin-like toxic effects, particularly neurobehavioural effects and their effective doses in animals, were compiled. A comparative assessment of effective doses for dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like effects by PCBs has been made to evaluate the relative significance of non-ortho and ortho-substituted PCBs in risk assessment. Using mink as an example, relative merits and implications of using TEF and total PCB approaches for assessing the potential for toxic effects in wildlife were examined. There are several advantages and limitations associated with each method used for PCB risk assessment. Toxic effects due to coplanar PCBs occur at relatively smaller concentrations than those due to non-dioxin-like PCBs and, therefore, the TEF approach derives the risk assessment of PCBs in the environment. The need for the refinement of the TEF approach for more accurate assessment of risks is discussed.
机译：多氯联苯（PCB）是环境中的持久性，生物蓄积性和有毒污染物。各个PCB同系物表现出不同的理化特性和生物活性，导致不同的环境分布和毒性特征。环境基质中PCB残留物的可变组成及其不同的毒性机理，使基于科学的风险评估法规变得更加复杂。已对各种评估PCB风险的方法进行了严格审查。评估了毒性当量因子（TEF）方法的最新进展，该方法用于评估类二恶英样多氯联苯造成的毒性作用。汇编了描述非二恶英样毒性作用，特别是神经行为作用及其在动物中的有效剂量的PCB暴露研究。已对PCB产生的二恶英类和非二恶英类效应的有效剂量进行了比较评估，以评估非邻位和邻位取代PCB在风险评估中的相对重要性。以水貂为例，研究了使用TEF和总PCB方法评估野生动植物潜在毒性的相对优缺点。与用于PCB风险评估的每种方法相关的优点和局限性。与非二恶英类PCB相比，共面PCB所产生的毒性作用相对较小，因此，TEF方法可得出环境中PCB的风险评估。讨论了改进TEF方法以更准确地评估风险的需求。

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