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Lake Toba: Need for an integrated management system

机译：鸟羽湖：需要集成的管理系统

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Lake Toba is the largest year-round lake in South-East Asia and the largest volcanic lake in the world. The Lake Toba catchment area faces an environmental crisis characterized by widespread deforestation, drought, decline of the water level, water quality degradation, invasive species and loss of biological diversity. More than half of the Lake Toba catchment area is classified as land at high erosion risk. Widespread poverty gives people little room to think beyond day-to-day needs and is an instrument for unsustainable methods of fishing and growing food. The Lake Toba catchment area is not managed as an integrated whole, but rather as four separate districts. Guidelines and orders tend to come from the government in Jakarta rather than being developed locally with stakeholder involvement. Differences in approach between government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have resulted in friction and mistrust between the two. Local, national and international NGOs have been the biggest contributors to increasing the awareness of the need for an integrated approach to managing the lake. Technical exchanges with Lake Champlain have facilitated an exchange of experience of managing a large lake watershed, the transfer of low-cost alternative technologies for managing waste water in small communities and development of new approaches to pulp and paper mills on both lakes. The Lake Toba Heritage Foundation’s priorities include establishing a research and monitoring programme, creating a science and education centre, and developing better coordination among central, provincial and district levels of government.
机译：鸟羽湖是东南亚最大的终年湖泊，也是世界上最大的火山湖。多巴湖集水区面临环境危机，其特征是广泛的森林砍伐，干旱，水位下降，水质下降，入侵物种和生物多样性丧失。多巴湖集水区的一半以上被归类为高侵蚀风险土地。广泛的贫困使人们几乎没有超出日常需求的思考空间，这是不可持续的捕鱼和种植食物方法的工具。多巴湖集水区不是一个整体，而是四个独立的地区。指导方针和命令往往来自雅加达政府，而不是在利益相关者的参与下在本地制定。政府与非政府组织之间在方法上的差异导致了两者之间的摩擦和不信任。地方，国家和国际非政府组织为提高人们对采用综合管理湖泊的必要性的认识做出了最大贡献。与尚普兰湖的技术交流促进了交流经验，交流了大型湖流域的管理经验，低成本的替代技术在小型社区中的废水管理经验，以及在这两个湖上开发纸浆和造纸厂的新方法。鸟羽湖遗产基金会的优先事项包括建立研究和监督计划，建立科学和教育中心以及在中央，省和地区各级政府之间建立更好的协调。

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