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首页> 外文期刊>Lakes & Reservoirs >Management issues in the Lake Titicaca and Lake Poopo system: Importance of developing a water budget
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Management issues in the Lake Titicaca and Lake Poopo system: Importance of developing a water budget

机译：的喀喀湖和普波湖系统中的管理问题：制定水费预算的重要性

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Lake Titicaca is the largest freshwater lake in South America and the highest of the world’s large lakes. The Desaguadero River links Lake Titicaca to lakes Urur Uru and Poopo and, in wet years to the Coipasa Salt Marsh. Lake Titicaca is bordered by both Bolivia and Peru. The main international lake management problem for the Lake Titicaca/Desaguadero River/Lake Poopo system involves the use of water resources. The maximum usable flow in the Titicaca basin (only 20–25 m3 s–1), is dramatically less than the estimated demand. Water transfer and irrigation projects will have to be strictly prioritized on the basis of environmental, social, economic and hydrological criteria. Establishing the overall volume and demand for water in the Titicaca system has been critical to making good management decisions. Agreements for the study and management of Lake Titicaca between Peru and Bolivia date back to 1955 when both countries signed a document declaring ‘the indivisible and exclusive joint ownership of both countries of the waters of the lake’. Over time, the two countries agreed to create a Binational Autonomous Authority that would have full autonomy for Titicaca–Desaguadero/Poopo system decisions related to implementing the master plan that they had developed. Although it is hard to quantify conservation success in large lake regions, water use projects are being prioritized, city wastewater pollution in the Bay of Puno is being reduced and ameliorated and a large biodiversity project through the Global Environment Facility is underway.
机译：的喀喀湖是南美最大的淡水湖，也是世界上最大的大型湖泊。 Desaguadero河将的喀喀湖与Urur Uru和Poopo湖相连，在潮湿的年份与Coipasa盐沼相连。的喀喀湖与玻利维亚和秘鲁接壤。的喀喀湖/德萨瓜德罗河/波普湖系统的主要国际湖泊管理问题涉及水资源的利用。的喀喀盆地最大可用流量（仅20–25 m3 s-1）大大低于估计需求。输水和灌溉项目必须根据环境，社会，经济和水文标准严格确定优先次序。在的喀喀湖系统中确定水的总量和需求对于做出良好的管理决策至关重要。秘鲁和玻利维亚之间的喀喀湖研究和管理协议的历史可以追溯到1955年，当时两国签署了一份文件，宣布“两国均为湖水的不可分割和专有的共同拥有权”。随着时间的推移，两国同意建立一个双边自治机构，该机构将完全负责喀喀-德萨瓜德罗/帕普奥体系与执行其制定的总体计划有关的决策。尽管很难量化大型湖泊地区保护成功的程度，但人们正在优先考虑用水项目，正在减少和改善普诺湾的城市废水污染，并且正在通过全球环境基金进行一项大型生物多样性项目。

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