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首页> 外文期刊>Lakes & Reservoirs >Trophic state, fish community and intensive production of salmonids in Alicura Reservoir (Patagonia, Argentina)
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Trophic state, fish community and intensive production of salmonids in Alicura Reservoir (Patagonia, Argentina)

机译：阿利库拉水库（阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚）的营养状态，鱼类群落和鲑鱼的集约化生产

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摘要

The Governments of the Provinces located in Patagonia, Argentina, promote the intensive breeding of salmonids in the Andean Patagonian region. Although annual production is low (450 ton ha–1 year–1), some effects are significant. Waste produced by salmonid breeding (feed losses, faeces and excretion) increases nutrient and organic matter concentrations, which cause modifications of water quality, sediments and biota. A consequent risk is the elevation of eutrophication levels. Possible changes in water composition, sediments, algae and wild fish populations were studied. Sites affected by fish farming showed increased nutrient concentration, and phytoplankton and periphyton biomass. Chlorophyll a was similar at both sites (affected and unaffected by fish farm sites). Sediments clearly reflect fish farm waste inputs: total phosphorus and organic matter increased 12-fold and fourfold, respectively. The species present in the gill-net catches were the autochthonous Percichthys trucha, Odontesthes hatcheri, Diplomystes viedmensis, and the introduced salmonids Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo trutta, Salmo salar sebago and Salvelinus fontinalis. About 50% of the total catch was salmonids. A major portion of the catch per unit weight was composed of rainbow trout, followed by perch. The catch per unit weight obtained for this reservoir agrees with the range of values previously determined (Quiros 1990) for Patagonian reservoirs. Compared with previous studies by Freyre et al. (1991), a variation in catch composition exists. This consists mainly of an increase in the numbers and condition of O. mykiss and a decrease in P. trucha. Presence of fish that escaped from hatcheries, recognizable by their eroded fins, was observed; particularly in a sampling station near the fish cage systems. Variations in catches could be caused by cyclical changes in fish populations (Wooton 1991), by direct and indirect effects of intensive fish farming, or by a combination of both events, and can only be understood through long-term studies of catch variation.
机译：位于阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚的各省政府在安第斯巴塔哥尼亚地区促进鲑鱼的密集繁殖。尽管年产量很低（450吨公顷–1年–1年），但有些影响是显着的。鲑鱼养殖产生的废物（饲料损失，粪便和排泄物）增加了养分和有机质的浓度，从而导致水质，沉积物和生物群的改变。随之而来的风险是富营养化水平的升高。研究了水成分，沉积物，藻类和野生鱼类种群可能的变化。受养鱼影响的地点显示养分浓度增加，浮游植物和浮游植物的生物量增加。叶绿素a在两个地点都相似（受和不受鱼类养殖场影响）。沉积物清楚地反映了养鱼场废物的输入：总磷和有机质分别增加了12倍和4倍。刺网渔获物中存在的物种是土生的柏木，杜鹃，齿形龙，引进的鲑鱼Oncorhynchus mykiss，Salmo trutta，Salmo salar sebago和Salvelinus fontinalis。总产量的约50％是鲑鱼。每单位重量捕捞的主要部分是虹鳟鱼，其次是鲈鱼。为该水库获得的每单位重量的捕捞量与先前为巴塔哥尼亚水库确定的值范围（Quiros 1990）一致。与Freyre等人先前的研究相比。 （1991），渔获物组成存在变化。这主要是由O. mykiss数量和状况的增加和P. trucha的减少所组成。观察到有从孵化场逃脱的鱼的存在，这些鱼的鳍被侵蚀了。特别是在鱼笼系统附近的采样站。渔获量的变化可能是由于鱼类种群的周期性变化（Wooton 1991），集约化鱼类养殖的直接和间接影响，或两种情况的结合所致，只有通过长期研究渔获量变化才能了解渔获量的变化。

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  • 来源
    《Lakes & Reservoirs》 |2001年第4期|259-267|共9页
  • 作者

    P. F. Temporetti; M. F. Alonso; G. Baffico; M. M. Diaz; W. Lopez; F. L. Pedrozo; P. H. Vigliano;

  • 作者单位

    Grupo de Estudios en Calidad de Aguas Recursos AcuÁticos and;

    Grupo de Estudio de EvaluaciÓn y Manejo de Recursos Icticos Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche Universidad Nacional del Comahue UNC 8400 Bariloche and;

    Grupo de Estudios en Calidad de Aguas Recursos AcuÁticos and;

    Grupo de Estudios en Calidad de Aguas Recursos AcuÁticos and Researchers of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÍficas y TÉcnicas Argentina;

    Grupo de Estudios en Calidad de Aguas Recursos AcuÁticos and;

    Grupo de Estudios en Calidad de Aguas Recursos AcuÁticos and Researchers of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÍficas y TÉcnicas Argentina;

    Grupo de Estudio de EvaluaciÓn y Manejo de Recursos Icticos Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche Universidad Nacional del Comahue UNC 8400 Bariloche and;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    fish community; intensive production; reservoir; trophic state;

    机译：鱼类群落;集约化生产;水库;营养状态;

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