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DEMAPPING WATERS BY DESIGN

机译：通过设计对水进行脱胶

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摘要

The centre of gravity in world affairs has shifted. Suddenly, remote patches of water normally used for fishing have become the focus of international controversy and massive infrastructural efforts. Host to the most critical lanes of commercial shipping traffic on earth, where overflshing empties the water near shorelines and economic growth has outpaced oil supplies, the South China Sea is crisscrossed by contradictory territorial claims. Using construction to assert control over a string of low-lying landscape features by turning them into human-made structures, nations have claimed sovereignty over rocks, shoals, reefs, banks and cays closest to the Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam, Brunei and Taiwan. But it is China, with a coastline more distant than any of the others, that lays claim to 90 percent of the entire sea through the so-called Nine-Dash Line on its maps. Artificial islands are China's dramatic new move in a longstanding territorial struggle, addressing a serious deficit: China does not control any landscape features qualifying as real islands here, whereas its claimant neighbours do.
机译：世界事务的重心已经转移。突然之间，通常用于捕鱼的偏远水域已成为国际争议和大规模基础设施努力的焦点。南中国海承载着地球上最重要的商业运输路线，南岸海域的过度放水使海岸线附近的水排空，经济增长超过了石油供应。南海充满了相互矛盾的领土主张。各国利用建筑来控制一系列低洼的景观特征，将其转变为人造结构，从而宣称对最接近菲律宾，马来西亚，越南，文莱和台湾的岩石，浅滩，礁石，河岸和珊瑚礁拥有主权。但是，是中国，其海岸线比其他任何地方都遥远，因此通过其地图上的“九点划线”占据了整个海洋的90％。人工岛屿是中国在长期的领土斗争中的重大举措，解决了严重的赤字：中国没有控制任何景观特征，在这里，中国可以算作真正的岛屿，而其邻国则可以。

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