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Annual variation in biomass and the community structure of crustacean zooplankton over 5 years in Lake Toya, Japan

机译：日本洞爷湖5年中甲壳类动物浮游生物量和群落结构的年度变化

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摘要

The biomass and population dynamics of crustacean zooplankton were determined in oligotrophic Lake Toya in Japan over 5 years from May 1992 to May 1997. In 1992 and 1993, zooplankton biomass was up to 4.3 g dry weight m−2, whereas it decreased to <1 g dry weight m−2 after 1994. This extreme change in biomass was associated with the succession of dominant species from larger ones, such as Daphnia longispina and Cyclops strenuus (s. lat.), to smaller ones, such as Eubosmina tanakai and Bosmina longirostris. Consequently, this biomass change seemed to cause an increase in the chlorophyll a concentration in the euphotic zone and a decline in lake transparency. Because the birth rates of the dominant species were somewhat higher after 1994, the decline in the populations of larger crustaceans seemed to depend more on their rate of death rather than rate of birth, and this higher death rate is not considered to be attributed to food shortage. Although these results strongly suggest a top-down cascading effect of fish predation upon crustaceans, annual catches of two commercially important planktivorous fish species have also decreased in the lake, coincidentally with decreases in zooplankton biomass. This may be attributable to fishing regulations that prohibit catching smaller fish, implying that such smaller fish affect zooplankton and phytoplankton, as well as lake transparency.
机译：在1992年5月至1997年5月的5年中，在日本富营养化的洞爷湖中测定了甲壳类浮游生物的生物量和种群动态.1992年和1993年，浮游生物的生物量高达4.3 g干重m-2，而下降到<1 g 1994年以后的干重m-2。生物量的这种极端变化与优势种的继承有关，这些优势种由较大的物种（如水蚤（Daphnia longispina）和独眼巨人Cyclops strenuus（s。lat。））过渡到较小的物种（如Eubosmina tanakai和Bosmina longirostris。因此，这种生物量的变化似乎导致了富营养区中叶绿素a浓度的增加和湖泊透明度的下降。由于优势物种的出生率在1994年以后有所提高，因此大型甲壳类种群的减少似乎更多地取决于其死亡率，而不是出生率，而且这种较高的死亡率不被认为是食物造成的。短缺。尽管这些结果有力地表明了鱼类捕食对甲壳类动物的自上而下的级联效应，但两种商业上重要的浮游鱼类的年度捕捞量在湖中也有所减少，同时浮游动物的生物量也在减少。这可能归因于禁止捕捞较小鱼类的捕鱼法规，这意味着此类较小鱼类会影响浮游动物和浮游植物以及湖泊的透明度。

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  • 来源
    《Limnology》 |2013年第1期|59-70|共12页
  • 作者

    Syuhei Ban; Wataru Makino; Hiroyuki Sakano; Hiroyuki Haruna; Hiroshi Ueda;

  • 作者单位

    Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University">(1);

    School of Environmental Science University of Shiga Prefecture">(2);

    Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University">(1);

    Graduate School of Life Science Tohoku University">(3);

    Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University">(1);

    Fisheries Agency Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries of Japan">(4);

    Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University">(1);

    Field Science center for northern biosphere Hokkaido University">(5);

    Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University">(1);

    Field Science center for northern biosphere Hokkaido University">(5);

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Top-down control; Crustacean zooplankton; Annual variation; Planktivorous fish; Oligotrophic lake;

    机译：自上而下的控制;甲壳类浮游动物;年度变化;浮游鱼类;贫营养湖;

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