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首页> 外文期刊>Limnology >Wave–flow coupling effects on spatiotemporal variations of flow and salinity in a large hypersaline marine system: Lake Urmia, Iran
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Wave–flow coupling effects on spatiotemporal variations of flow and salinity in a large hypersaline marine system: Lake Urmia, Iran

机译：波流耦合对大型高盐海洋系统中流量和盐度时空变化的影响：伊朗乌尔米亚湖

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摘要

On many occasions, the effects of wind-induced waves and currents on flow and salinity fields in water bodies are evaluated separately. Some coupling mechanisms of the two phenomena, however, can have a significant impact on the flow and salinity conditions, in particular in sensitive aquatic ecosystems. This article attempts to quantify the wave contributions to the flow and salinity regimes in Lake Urmia, Iran. The salinity conditions in the lake have become an environmentally important subject, partly because this shallow hypersaline aquatic ecosystem is considered to be one of the largest natural habitats of a unique multicellular organism, Artemia urmiana. This brine shrimp is the major food source for many of the protected and rare shorebirds that visit the lake and can grow and survive in only certain ranges of salinity. The lake has also experienced considerable man-made changes during the past three decades. Previous studies that have modeled the flow and salinity regimes in the lake have overlooked the wave-coupling effects, and some have concluded that major remedial actions are necessary to restore the lake ecosystem. The wave-coupling effects were found to have significant impacts on the spatiotemporal variations of flow and salinity in the lake. Wave actions were intensifying vertical stratification, considerably influencing the flow and salinity regimes. It was found that improvements in the lake salinity conditions provided by the wave actions were comparable to potential improvements that expensive mitigation scenarios may offer. The relative magnitude of the wave coupling was found to be the highest in shallow/large water bodies, and it increased as the wave height and the initial salinity increased, suggesting that these wave-coupling effects are substantial, especially in large, shallow, hypersaline lakes.
机译：在许多情况下，会分别评估风浪和水流对水体中流场和盐度场的影响。但是，这两种现象的某些耦合机制可能对流量和盐度条件产生重大影响，尤其是在敏感的水生生态系统中。本文试图量化波浪对伊朗乌尔米亚湖水流和盐度状态的贡献。湖泊中的盐分状况已成为环境重要的课题，部分原因是该浅盐高盐水生生态系统被认为是独特的多细胞生物-大麦属（Artemia urmiana）的最大自然栖息地之一。这种盐水虾是许多受保护的稀有水鸟的主要食物来源，这些水鸟到湖边去，只能在一定的盐度范围内生长和生存。在过去的三十年中，该湖还经历了相当多的人为变化。以前的模拟湖泊中水流和盐度状态的研究忽略了波浪耦合效应，一些研究得出的结论是，必须采取重大补救措施来恢复湖泊生态系统。发现波耦合效应对湖中流量和盐度的时空变化具有显着影响。波浪作用加剧了垂直分层，极大地影响了水流和盐度。人们发现，波浪作用对湖泊盐度条件的改善可与昂贵的缓解方案可能提供的潜在改善相媲美。在浅水/大型水体中，波耦合的相对强度最高，并且随着波高和初始盐度的增加而增加，这表明这些波耦合效应是显着的，尤其是在大，浅，高盐度中湖泊。

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